Strategic Project - UI 617 - 2011-2012

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Publications

The effect of three different training programs in elderly women's isokinetic strength

Publication . Monteiro, A.M.; Forte, Pedro; Carvalho, Joana

This study aimed was to assess the effects of three different training protocols in quadriceps and hamstrings isokinetic muscle strength of independent elderly women. Eighty women were recruited for this study and divided intofour groups of twenty subjects: the control group, the multi-component group, the muscle power group,and the muscular resistance strength group. The isokinetic strength was measured in both lower limbs with a dynamometer at 60°/s and 180º/s. The multivariate analysis (ANOVA) and the Bonferroni test assessed the group and time effect. Significant and positive effects were observed in the time and group interaction in the power group at 180°/s and 60°/s knee flexion in the dominant (p = 0.004, respectively) and non-dominant (p = 0.046 and p = 0.041, respectively) lower limbs. The Control group had significantand negative effect on the time x group interaction at 180°/s and 60°/s on the extension of the dominant knee (p = 0.008 and p = 0.001, respectively) and non-dominant (p = 0.003 and p< 0.001, respectively). The muscle power training seems to be the most effective to increase the isokinetic strength in older independent women. All the training programs appear to contribute to decreasingthe age-related loss on isokinetic strength.

2020Journal article

Open access

Conocimiento nutricional y la ingesta de alimentos en adolescentes portugueses

Publication . Ferro-Lebres, Vera; Moreira, Pedro; Ribeiro, José

La teoría socio cognitiva de Bandura propone el conocimiento como un factor esencial en el cambio del comportamiento, particularmente en la adopción de estilos de vida físicamente activos y con una alimentación saludable. Aun así, algunas criticas han sido hechas sugiriendo que una alteración del conocimiento por si solo no será suficiente para introducir mejor comportamientos de salud. OBJETIVO: Estudiar la relación entre los conocimientos nutricionales y los hábitos alimenticios de una muestra de adolescentes portugueses. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se ha realizado un estudio transversal, sobre una muestra de 754 adolescentes, se evaluaran los hábitos alimenticios de 346 adolescentes. Los adolescentes rellenaron un cuestionario con informaciones socio-demográficas, con la versión portuguesa del “General Nutrition Knowledge Questionaire for Adolescents (GNKQA)5 y un diario de alimentación de tres días (dos días útiles y un día de fin de semana), que después de haber sido analizado por un grupo de especialistas en nutrición, ha sido utilizado para cálculo del porcentaje de adecuación nutricional. Se ha utilizado el software SPSS Versión 22 para análisis estadístico de los datos. RESULTADOS: La muestra de 734 estudiantes tenia una media de edad de 15,8 (+/- 1,87) e incluía 388 (52,9%) del sexo femenino y 449 (61,2%) que frecuentaban el bachillerato. El Z-Test de las proporciones ha revelado que la muestra que devuelve los diarios de alimentación completos (n=346) fue significativamente (p<0,05) distinto, hubo una mayor proporción del sexo femenino y de adolescentes que frecuentaban la ESO. Los resultados del GNKOA muestran que la media del porcentaje de respuestas correctas han sido de 46,5%(+/-11.82%). La mayoría 86,3% (n=251) de los adolescentes con un diario alimenticio valido presentaban un porcentaje de adecuación nutricional superior al 50%. CONCLUSION: Los datos revelan conocimientos nutricionales pobres y una baja adecuación nutricional, señalando la necesidad de intervenciones de salud pública efectivas para esta edad en Portugal. Aunque necesario el conocimiento nutricional parece no ser suficiente para garantizar la adecuación nutricional de la dieta en adolescentes.

2016Conference object

Open access

Associação entre nível educacional e adequação nutricional de adolescentes

Publication . Esteves, Raquel; Moreira, Pedro; Silva, Gustavo Gonçalves; Ferro-Lebres, Vera; Ribeiro, José Carlos

Nos últimos anos têm-se acentuado as desigualdades socioeconómicas na distribuição da saúde, na prevalência de obesidade e na qualidade dos hábitos alimentares. Uma das variáveis usadas na avaliação do estatuto socioeconómico de adolescentes é o nível educacional (NE) dos progenitores, principalmente da mãe. Tem-se mostrado que adolescentes cujas mães têm um maior NE possuem uma alimentação nutricionalmente mais adequada. OBJETIVOS: Relacionar a adequação nutricional da alimentação de adolescentes com a educação parental. METODOLOGIA: Foram avaliados 179 adolescentes (100 raparigas) de uma amostra inicial de 302 estudantes da qual foram selecionados aqueles que reportaram adequadamente a sua ingestão (avaliado por métodos padrão). Os estudantes têm idades entre os 12 eos 19 anos; 82,1 % dos indivíduos apresentam índice de Massa Corporal (IMO) normal, 17,3% apresentam excesso de peso e ainda 0,6% têm obesidade (classificação de Gole). O NE parental foi avaliado sm 3 escalões, tendo em conta o grau de escolaridade: baixo (até ao 9° ano), médio (do 10° ao 12.° ano) e alto (mais do que o 12.° ano). Usaram-se diários alimentares de 3 dias (2 de semana e 1 de fim de semana) para avaliar o consumo alimentar, a partir dos quais foi calculada a média de Ingestão de cada nutriente e construído um score de adequação de 22 nutrientes. As associações foram estudadas através de um modelo de regressão GLM univariada, considerando-se a idade, sexo, IMO e ingestão energética como variáveis confundidoras. Utilizou-se o software SPSS 21.0. RESULTADOS: O score de adequação nutricional criado varia entre O (nenhum nutriente com ingestão adequada) e 22 (todos os nutrientes com Ingestão adequada). Na amostra em estudo, as raparigas classiflcaram-se neste score com uma média de 12, 77±1, 98 (mínimo 7 e máximo 18) e os rapazes obtiveram uma média de 13,84±2,33 nutrientes adequados (mínimo 10 e máximo '9). Analisando estes resultados consoante o NE materno verifica-se que adolescentes cujas mães têm um NE mais elevado têm uma adequação nutricional significativamente superior (13, 84±2, 25) à dos seus colegas cujas mães têm NE baixo (12, 66±1,95; p=0,012) ou médio (12, 86±2,11; p=0,032). Quando esta análise é efetuada para o NE paterno não são encontradas diferenças significativas. CONCLUSÕES: Existe uma relação positiva entre o NE materno, mas não paterno, e a adequação nutricional da alimentação de adolescentes.

2015Conference object

Open access

Physical activity levels and nutritional knowledge’s among children and adolescents

Publication . Ribeiro, José Carlos; Ramos, Helena; Ferro-Lebres, Vera; Aires, Luísa; Mota, Jorge; Guimarães, Nuno; Esteves, Raquel; Moreira, Pedro; Marçal, Gustavo

Childhood obesity is a consequence of environments that disrupt the balance of energy intake and energy expenditure. Obesogenic environments consist of social norms and environmental factors that facilitate unhealthy behaviors around diet and physical activity. Nutritional knowledge and physical activity are cornerstones of every obesity treatment. The aims are to understand and compare how nutritional knowledge and physical activily panerns occur in children and adolescents, and if there's any differences by gender. Methods Sample comprised 467 children and adolescents, 237 boys. PA was measured using Actigraph accelerometers (GTSXsl^ Participants were instructed to use the accelerometer, according to standard procedures, and data analyzed using the recommended guidelines (Evenson et al, 2008) Nutritional Knowledge INKI was assessed using the General Nutrition Questionnaire for Portuguese Adolescent, and results presented as a Final Nutritional Score, in accordance with standard procedures (Ferro-Lebres, V, Ribeiro, J, Moreira, P, 2014). Height, weight body mass index were also assessed. Univariate Analysis of Variance-GLM was used to compare genders ad|usted to different school leveis of the studente, using SPSS. Results Our results present higher (p<0,05| nutritional scores for"girls (67,11 than boys (63,6 scorel. Opposed to these results boys los expectedl significantly present higher amounts of moderate to vigorous PA compared to girls 171,6 min. /day vs 42,3 min. /day; p<0, 01|. Additionally, we have 14,7% overweight/obese girls and 17,4% overweight/obese boys. Discussion Other studies have obsen/ed similar results regarding MVPA in boys and girls, but the NK about diet and nutritïon is also crucial for the treatment ond prevention of obesity in chiidren. Therefore ifs important to understand if higher scores in NK would lead to better nutritional practices; would it be possible that inaeasing studenfs NK about food contents regarding different nutrients could improve their daily practices. Do children and adolescents that have better NK behave differently regarding PA practices?

2014Conference object

Open access

Consumo de frutas e hortícolas nas refeições intermédias em adolescentes

Publication . Alves, Ana Francisca Lemos; Teixeira, Joana Isabel; Barbosa, Rubina; Fernandes, António; Ribeiro, José Carlos; Ferro-Lebres, Vera

The snack meal is defined as the consumption of food ingested in addition to the three main meals, and thereby contributing to additional calories. Increasing the number of snacks may be beneficial, as long as the energy balance is maintained, and are frequently mentioned as an opportunity to increase fruit consumption, however, carbohydrates and added sugars tend to be overconsumed at snacking occasions.The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the prevalence of snack consumption and fruits and vegetables intake in adolescents. A sample of 70 adolescents between 12 and 19 years was studied. The adolescents were assessed for snacks consumption through the three day food diary method and their anthropometric data were objectively measured. Data analysis was performed with the ordinal Spearman correlation test, with a 95% significance, using the SPSS 22.0. Adolescents had a mean of 4.4 meals and 1.5 snacks a day. There was a positive correlation between fruit and vegetables consumption and the prevalence of snacks, the same was observed for the total number of meals and the consumption of vegetables. These results were in agreement to what has been shown by Marques Vidal et al (2006), also regarding Portuguese adolescents. These results suggest that the higher the prevalence of snack consumption, the greater the consumption of fruits and vegetables, signifying a positive relation between snacking and a healthy diet.

2015Conference object

Open access