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Projeto de investigação
Sustainability-led approaches for the rehabilitation and revitalization of the cultural built heritage of Montesinho Natural Park
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Publicações
Avaliação e caracterização do ambiente rural construído do Parque Natural de Montesinho, Portugal. O projeto INHAVIT
Publication . Luso, Eduarda; Ferreira, Débora
Em Portugal, nas últimas décadas, tem-se verificado um aumento da população e das cidades situadas no litoral e, pelo contrário, uma diminuição em localidades do interior, com maior gravidade nas zonas rurais. As causas são complexas e não consensuais, mas percebe-se claramente que fatores como a falta de investimento no interior, a emigração e migração para um litoral cada vez mais autista na sua relação com o resto do território, o abandono da agricultura e o envelhecimento da população constituem ingredientes suficientes para potenciar a desertificação de algumas zonas do país.
O abandono e desertificação de aldeias não é no entanto, um problema só de Portugal. Embora Portugal seja um dos países mais afetados por esta problemática que atinge todo o território nacional, trata-se de um problema europeu que se tem vindo a acentuar a partir da segunda metade do século XX.
Preocupados com este facto, que põe em risco o elevado abandono de aldeias e lugares do interior de Portugal, em particular os situados no nordeste transmontano, o Projeto InHaVit - Abordagens sustentáveis para a reabilitação e revitalização do património cultural construído no Parque Natural do Montesinho (PNM), financiado pela FCT – Fundação de Ciência e Tecnologia, tem como objetivo principal a avaliação e caracterização: (1) do ambiente rural construído do PNM, ao nível dos edifícios e ao nível das aldeias; e (2) de fatores socioeconómicos e ambientais que contribuam para a vulnerabilidade das aldeias e arquitetura vernacular do PNM. O conhecimento profundo destes aspetos ajudará a compreender as razões pelas quais se deu o abandono progressivo das aldeias. No final, o projeto irá propor estratégias de mitigação de riscos, reabilitação e conservação do património edificado, reconhecendo que a valorização e preservação da arquitetura vernácula é um elemento chave da identidade cultural e que se pode tornar um fator privilegiado para o desenvolvimento local.
Este artigo pretende mostrar a metodologia de trabalho relativo ao levantamento “in-situ” efetuada até ao momento, relativos ao ponto (1), bem como de alguns aspetos muito particulares desta região nomeadamente dos telhados em lousa e dos moinhos de água.
Vernacular architecture of Montesinho Natural Park
Publication . Luso, Eduarda; Ferreira, Débora; Vaz, António Jorge Ferreira; Fernandes, Sílvia
The INHAVIT book is a 240 pages summary of the works carried out during the project. It includes 15 chapters describing the activities carried out, the main objectives of the project and the results obtained. The main objective of INHAVIT has been the study and identification of the physical, social and environmental vulnerabilities that may be contributing to the current state of progressive abandonment of several rural villages in the Montesinho Natural Park (MNP), in the northeastern Portugal, which is the case study of the research project. Once the vulnerabilities are well defined and better understood, the results aim to contribute to safeguarding the vernacular heritage by creating awareness and promoting its continuous occupation by improving its living conditions and its resilience to multiple hazards. The book also includes perspectives on the conservation of the vernacular heritage from recognized researchers in different geographies. The outcomes of the project are expected to help stakeholders and local communities to make decisions on how to intervene in the vernacular built-up environment to transform it into sustainable, resource-efficient settlements.
The complex problem and research objective has been tackled from different perspectives and research areas, involving theory of heritage conservation practice, conservation management, surveying and documentation, construction technology, digital models and virtual reality, thermal comfort, building energy consumption, nondestructive testing, long-term monitoring, social vulnerability, multihazard vulnerability, climate-related hazards, etc. This integrated multidisciplinary approach is considered a step forward in the topic of rural heritage conservation.
Both a reduced and high quality pdf version of the book are free to download.
An ICT-enhanced methodology for the characterization of vernacular built heritage at a regional scale
Publication . Tapiero, Juan; Graus, Sandra; Khei, Soon; Silva, Dener; Conde, Otavio; Ferreira, Tiago Manuel; Ortega, Javier; Luso, Eduarda; Rodrigues, Hugo; Vasconçelos, Graça
The characterization of vernacular buildings is crucial for understanding the historical, social, and cultural significance of a community. These buildings reflect a collective memory and result from a long adaptation process to the local environment. Documenting them facilitates better decision-making regarding the preservation of their intrinsic values and long-term conservation. Unfortunately, depopulation processes in many areas threaten this invaluable heritage. Furthermore, this heritage is often overlooked due to a lack of awareness and appreciation by local authorities and residents. This paper presents a methodology for documenting and inventorying vernacular built heritage, with the main goal of contributing to promoting its valorization. The methodology integrates Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) with GIS tools to create large-scale inventories. Using the Montesinho Natural Park (Portugal) as a case study, the methodology facilitated the collection of data from over 2,000 buildings in 13 villages. The collected data was then used to characterize the vernacular built heritage of selected villages in terms of authenticity, conservation state, materials, construction systems, past interventions, present use, and occupancy. The findings of this study can serve as a valuable resource for developing inventories of vernacular buildings in rural areas, contributing to the protection of this distinctive architectural heritage
Evaluation and characterization of the built rural environment of the Montesinho Natural Park, Portugal. The inhavit project
Publication . Luso, Eduarda; Ferreira, Débora
In Portugal, in recent decades, there has been an increase in the population and cities located on the coast and, on the contrary, a decrease in inland locations, with greater severity in rural areas. The causes are complex and not consensual, but it is clear that factors such as the lack of investment in the interior, emigration and migration to a coast that is increasingly autistic in its relationship with the rest of the territory, the abandonment of agriculture and aging of the population constitute sufficient ingredients to promote the desertification of some areas of the country. The abandonment and desertification of villages is not just a problem in Portugal, however. Although Portugal is one of the countries most affected by this problem that affects the entire national territory, it is a European problem that has been increasing since the second half of the 20th century. Concerned about this fact, which puts at risk the high level of abandonment of villages and places in the interior of Portugal, particularly those located in the northeast of Trás-os-Montes, the InHaVit Project - Sustainable approaches for the rehabilitation and revitalization of the cultural heritage built in the Montesinho Natural Park ( PNM), funded by FCT – Fundação de Ciência e Tecnologia, has as its main objective the evaluation and characterization of: (1) the rural built environment of the PNM, at the level of buildings and at the level of villages; and (2) socioeconomic and environmental factors that contribute to the vulnerability of PNM villages and vernacular architecture. In-depth knowledge of these aspects will help to understand the reasons why the villages were progressively abandoned. In the end, the project will propose strategies for risk mitigation, rehabilitation and conservation of built heritage, recognizing that the appreciation and preservation of vernacular architecture is a key element of cultural identity and that it can become a privileged factor for local development.
This article aims to show the work methodology relating to the “in-situ” survey carried out so far, relating to point (1), as well as some very particular aspects of this region, namely the slate roofs and the water mills.
Recommendations of retrofitting solutions for the vernacular built heritage of Montesinho Natural Park
Publication . Luso, Eduarda; Ferreira, Débora; Vaz, António Jorge Ferreira; Fernandes, Sílvia
The INHAVIT book is a 240 pages summary of the works carried out during the project. It includes 15 chapters describing the activities carried out, the main objectives of the project and the results obtained. The main objective of INHAVIT has been the study and identification of the physical, social and environmental vulnerabilities that may be contributing to the current state of progressive abandonment of several rural villages in the Montesinho Natural Park (MNP), in the northeastern Portugal, which is the case study of the research project. Once the vulnerabilities are well defined and better understood, the results aim to contribute to safeguarding the vernacular heritage by creating awareness and promoting its continuous occupation by improving its living conditions and its resilience to multiple hazards. The book also includes perspectives on the conservation of the vernacular heritage from recognized researchers in different geographies. The outcomes of the project are expected to help stakeholders and local communities to make decisions on how to intervene in the vernacular built-up environment to transform it into sustainable, resource-efficient settlements.
The complex problem and research objective has been tackled from different perspectives and research areas, involving theory of heritage conservation practice, conservation management, surveying and documentation, construction technology, digital models and virtual reality, thermal comfort, building energy consumption, nondestructive testing, long-term monitoring, social vulnerability, multihazard vulnerability, climate-related hazards, etc. This integrated multidisciplinary approach is considered a step forward in the topic of rural heritage conservation.
Unidades organizacionais
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Contribuidores
Financiadores
Entidade financiadora
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
Programa de financiamento
Projetos de IC&DT para a promoção de atividades de I&D de âmbito interdisciplinar e pluridisciplinar a realizar na região do Parque Natural do Montesinho
Número da atribuição
MTS/BRB/0086/2020