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- Migration strategy toward innovative, digitalized, and harmonized production systemsPublication . Cala, Ambra; Cachada, Ana; Pires, Flávia; Barbosa, José; Wermann, Jeffrey; Colombo, Armando W.Industry today is facing the fourth Industrial Revolution, also called Industry 4.0, pulled by the market demand of shorter delivery time and product life cycles, with increased product variety and smaller lot sizes, and pushed by innovative technologies, such as Cloud computing, big-data analysis, connected Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs), Internet of Things, and related services, as well as autonomous robots and augmented reality. Industry 4.0 is an industrial paradigm that is proposing to transform the traditional factories into smart factories, which are more competitive, efficient, and productive. The goal is the rapid introduction of new tangible products and intangible products (services) into the market as soon as market and customer requirements change. In order to achieve this goal, the production process itself should be more agile and particularly correctly digitalized.
- Petri nets methodology for the design and control of migration processes towards industry 4.0Publication . Cachada, Ana; Pires, Flávia; Barbosa, José; Leitão, Paulo; Cala, AmbraThe fourth industrial revolution, commonly known as Industry 4.0, germinated in Germany as an industrial program of the government to reinvigorate the manufacturing sector. Nowadays, this change in the industrial paradigm has reached a global scale and is proposing to transform the traditional factories into more competitive, efficient and productive industries. In order to accomplish this goal it is necessary to establish methodologies to migrate from the traditional systems to innovative systems, namely those applying the Cyber-Physical Production Systems (CPPS) concepts. This paper proposes a methodology based on the Petri nets formalism for the modelling, analysis, validation and simulation of the migration process during the design phase and the control and monitoring of such processes during the implementation phase.
- Digital twin in industry 4.0: technologies, applications and challengesPublication . Pires, Flávia; Cachada, Ana; Barbosa, José; Moreira, António Paulo G. M.; Leitão, PauloThe digital transformation that is on-going world-wide, and triggered by the Industry 4.0 initiative, has brought to the surface new concepts and emergent technologies. One ofthese new concepts is the Digital Twin, which recently started gaining momentum, and is related to creating a virtual copy ofthe physical system, providing a connection between the real and virtual systems to collect and analyze and simulate data in thevirtual model to improve the performance of the real system. The benefits of using the digital twin approach is attracting significant attention and interest from research and industry communities in the last few years, and its importance will increase in the upcoming years. Having this in mind, this paper surveys and dis-cusses the digital twin concept in the context of the 4th industrial revolution, particularly focusing the concept and functionalities, the associated technologies, the industrial applications and theresearch challenges. The applicability of the digital concept isillustrated by the virtualisation of an UR3 collaborative robot which used the V-REP simulation environment and the Modbus communication protocol
- PERFoRM migration strategy towards cyber-physical systemsPublication . Cachada, Ana; Pires, Flávia; Barbosa, José; Leitão, PauloIn the last years, many organizations intend to convert their existing production systems towards ones that are characterized by adaptability, openness, flexibility and modularity. This requires a redesign of existing information processing systems especially related to control, leading possibly to the implementation of Cyber-Physical Production Systems (CPPS). However, the implementation of new control technologies will have a direct impact on the normal operational status of production while engineers will also face several challenges and obstacles in adopting intelligent automation systems. New step-wise migration strategies are required to holistically support industries in their journey towards CPPS taking into account technical, economic and social aspects. This work describes the definition of a migration approach for innovative production systems, particularly those CPPS that are developed under the PERFoRM ecosystem, establishing guidelines for a smooth migration from a traditional system to agile plug-and-produce systems in a secure and efficient way. The designed migration approach comprises five phases, namely Preparation, Options Investigation, Design, Implementation and Deployment, sustained by three different migration strategies, namely One-Shot, Parallel and Phased. The modelling of the migration process uses the Petri nets formalism taking advantage of its inherent capabilities to synthesize the process specifications but also to verify, simulate and validate the correctness of the system specifications during the design phase.