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- 5th Symposium of Applied Science for Young Researchers: Book of AbstractsPublication . Fernandes, Florbela P.; Torres, Helena; Pinto, Pedro; Malta, SilvestreThese are the abstracts of the 5th Symposium of Applied Science for Young Researchers – SASYR. This scientific event welcomed scientific works on the topics covered by the following four research centers: – CeDRI (from IPB, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança) – 2Ai (from IPCA, Instituto Politécnico do Cávado e do Ave) – GECAD (from IPP, Instituto Politécnico do Porto) – ADiT-lab (from IPVC, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo) The primary objective of SASYR 2025 is to create a welcoming and relaxed environment for young researchers to present their work, discuss recent findings, and explore new ideas. In this way, this event offers an opportunity for the CeDRI, 2Ai, GECAD, and ADiT-lab research communities to leverage synergies and promote collaborations, thereby enhancing the quality of their research. The SASYR 2025 took place at Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Viana do Castelo, Portugal, on 2 July 2025.
- A relação dos fatores psicossociais na saúde e produtividade dos trabalhadores de uma IPSSPublication . Vilela, Catarina Machado; Oliveira, Rui; Cardim, SofiaO mundo laboral está em constante transformação, o que acarreta uma série de desafios, com aspetos tanto positivos como negativos. Os riscos associados à forma como o trabalho é planeado, organizado e gerido, bem como ao seu contexto económico e social, podem dar origem a sérios problemas de saúde física e mental, conhecidos como riscos psicossociais. Considerando que os profissionais das instituições de solidariedade social lidam diariamente com populações vulneráveis, como idosos e pessoas em situação de exclusão social, o contacto contínuo com esta realidade de sofrimento, doença, carência e até lidar com a morte pode provocar um desgaste emocional, tornando-os mais propensos a enfrentar riscos psicossociais. Neste sentido, o objetivo principal do estudo foi identificar os fatores psicossociais que afetam o seu dia a dia e como estes lidam com tais desafios. A metodologia utilizada teve por base uma revisão bibliográfica, que deu fundamentação teórica para conceitos fundamentais sobre a temática, foi também utilizada para o desenvolvimento dos inquéritos, para a sua aplicação também foi utilizado o método quantitativo descritivo. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que, de uma forma geral, os riscos psicossociais apresentam níveis reduzidos, demonstrando, contudo, maior vulnerabilidade entre os ajudantes de ação direta, seguidos pelos profissionais de cozinha e, por último, pela equipa técnica. As exigências emocionais e físicas, o ritmo de trabalho, a sobrecarga de tarefas e a falta de reconhecimento foram identificados como fatores de maior impacto. Em suma, o estudo demonstra a importância de promover ambientes laborais saudáveis e emocionalmente equilibrados, de forma a promover o bem-estar dos trabalhadores, pois são o pilar essencial da eficácia e eficiência das organizações do setor social.
- Accessible power for medical equipment in remote healthcare: a solution for single-phase power generation using three-phase induction machinesPublication . Romeiro, Bruno; Oliveira, Carlos; Hildenberg, Cicero; Ferreira, Ângela P.; Filho, FranciscoThis work was motivated by the urgent need for reliable electricity in remote areas where conventional power distribution, and consequently access to healthcare, remains impractical. The proposed system is a practical alternative to conventional synchronous generators commonly used in off-grid applications, which have high implementation and maintenance costs and potential risks in healthcare applications due to the spark generated by the brushes. We propose the use of a self-excited single-phase generator, derived from a three-phase induction machine, as a robust, low-cost, highly reliable and safe solution for supplying electrical power to medical applications in remote locations. The work presents a mathematical model based on the theory of symmetrical components, which incorporates frequency variation and unbalanced system operation, along with an analytical methodology to determine the capacitance values required for this application and all system elements, including the definition of the sizing factors KE and KM. The proposed approach allows for rigorous design without relying on empirical procedures as commonly presented in the literature, and is experimentally validated using real medical loads. Our experimental setup incorporates current medical devices, including three infusion pumps, a cardioverter-defibrillator, and a patient monitoring device. Despite modest voltage imbalances observed during steady-state operation, all medical devices maintained adequate functionality during testing. The transient response during load switching showed damped oscillations before returning to steady-state operation, demonstrating stable voltage and frequency behavior without the use of active electronic control. The generator demonstrated satisfactory voltage regulation and short-circuit self-protection capabilities without the need for complex systems, making it economically viable for deployment in resource-constrained environments. These results suggest that the proposed configuration offers a practical solution for the electrification of medical facilities in regions where grid extension remains challenging or prohibitively expensive.
- Adsorption of venlafaxine: walnut shell-based activated carbon for antidepressant removalPublication . Tsubouchi, Lorena Maihury Santos; Queiroz, A.M.; Ribeiro, António E.; Brito, Paulo; Peron, Ana PaulaVenlafaxine, a widely prescribed antidepressant, stands out due to its increasing detection in aquatic matrices. This pharmaceutical compound is environmentally classified as an emerging micropollutant, characterized by its persistence across multiple aquatic environments and its ecotoxicological potential. Adsorption is a promising technique for removing micropollutants, particularly when combined with activated carbon as an adsorbent. In this study, the removal of venlafaxine from aqueous media was investigated using an activated carbon produced from agro-industrial residue, walnut shell, chemically activated with zinc chloride. The quantification of venlafaxine was validated by HPLC-DAD using a mobile phase consisting of 60% acetonitrile and 40% water containing 0.05% TFA. The kinetic assays demonstrated a rapid initial removal, with the pseudo-second-order model providing the best fit to the adsorption kinetics, while the activation energy (16.33 kJ.mol-1) indicates a low energy barrier. The equilibrium data were best fitted by the Freundlich isotherm model, indicating energetic heterogeneity of the adsorbent surface. The removal efficiency reached approximately 94% at pH values from 7 to 11, dominated by electrostatic attraction, π-π interactions, hydrophobic interactions, and hydrogen bonding, highlighting the potential for application in Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) without pH adjustment, given the high efficiency near neutral conditions. Reuse experiments demonstrated that the activated carbon maintained over 80% efficiency through the third thermal regeneration cycle, with a cumulative mass loss of 36% across five cycles. Therefore, the activated carbon produced from walnut shells is a high-performance, economically feasible adsorbent for venlafaxine removal, offering a strategy that aligns with the principles of the circular economy by promoting the valorization of an agro-industrial residue through its conversion into a material capable of mitigating micropollutants in water.
- Advanced treatment of pomace olive oil wastewater through peroxy-electrocoagulationPublication . Martins, Ramiro; Grabowski, TaisThe extraction of olive pomace oil is a significant aspect of the Mediterranean edible oil industry; however, the wastewater generated contains pollutants that can harm the environment and public health. In this study, peroxi-electrocoagulation (PEC) with aluminum electrodes was used to treat wastewater and reduce pollutant concentrations. A Box-Behnken Design study was conducted to investigate the relationship between hydrogen peroxide dosage, electric current density, and initial pH in the PEC process, and the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total phenolic compounds (TPh). The study found that the PEC process could remove an average of 22% of COD and 82% of TPh, with the highest removal obtained with hydrogen peroxide dosages of 30 g L -1 and 20 mA cm -2. However, pre-treatment with other processes is necessary to reduce harmful elements in the effluent before undergoing biological treatment.
- Aplicação de identificação de episódios de fibrilação atrialPublication . Guerreiro, Nathan Antonio; Teixeira, João Paulo; Dajer, Maria EugeniaAs Doenças Cardiovasculares (DCVs) causam cerca de 18 milhões de mortes por ano, segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS). Na Europa, mais de 10 milhões de pessoas são afetadas anualmente, com 3 milhões de óbitos registrados em 2021. No Brasil, são aproximadamente 400 mil mortes por ano, resaltando arritmias cardíacas. A fibrilação atrial (FA), arritmia mais comum, é caracterizada por ritmo cardíaco irregular. Diante desse cenário e alinhado ao papel social do engenheiro e ao Objetivo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) “Garantir saúde e bem-estar para todos” da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU), este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de uma interface gráfica do usuário (GUI) para aquisição e classificação de eletrocardiogramas (ECG). O sistema foi implementado em MATLAB, integrando aquisição em tempo real com a plataforma BITalino c (derivação I, via Bluetooth), detecção dos picos R e classificação automática de episódios de FA com redes neurais LSTM. São extraídas quatro características principais a cada 60 ciclos cardíacos: intervalos RR e entropias de Shannon das ondas T, U e P. Após normalização, essas variáveis compõem os vetores de entrada da rede, que classifica como Outro Ritmo, Ritmo Normal e Ritmo FA. A aplicação permite ainda a visualização dos sinais em tempo real e a geração automática de relatórios em PDF. A validação com sinais da base de dados MIT-BIH Atrial Fibrillation demonstrou que a interface é funcional, e a acurácia de 98,17%, obtida em estudo anterior, evidencia seu potencial como ferramenta auxiliar na análise de ECGs em ambientes clínicos e domiciliares.
- The artificial intelligence act: insights regarding its application and implicationsPublication . Cabrera, Beatriz M.; Luiz, Luiz E.; Teixeira, João PauloThis paper deals with Europe's Artificial Intelligence Act, the first regulation on the subject and is considered an international milestone. Therefore, the introduction provides a historical overview of legislative developments on Artificial Intelligence in Europe until the current milestone, namely the approval of the AI Act text, which is currently being amended and translated into its official publication. Afterwards, the regulation is dealt with in detail; its nuances are presented, along with the conceptualisation of artificial intelligence in the regulation and the classification of artificial intelligence systems, which is based on risks to users, together with the mechanisms created to make the regulation more efficient, specifically the Artificial Intelligence Office. Ultimately, considering the great innovation on the subject, this work presents different opinions regarding the application of the regulation, its risk-based analysis and classification, expectations and views on the possible impacts of the act on the market, thereby seeking to expose society's receptiveness to the regulation created. Therefore, based on the discussion points, it can be concluded that the regulation, which will soon be in effect, brings different feelings to citizens and members of the European market, who are still insecure about the risk-based approach used, harbouring feelings of fear about the limitation of innovation. However, at the same time, there is hope, given that regulation is necessary to guarantee safe innovation in line with the fundamental rights set out by the European Union. It can also be concluded that the approval and forthcoming publication of the act is a small step towards the challenges that will arise. It is certain that, regardless of the different opinions that exist, it is necessary to start implementing the act to analyse its effects on the market, society, politics, the economy and, above all, on innovations in artificial intelligence systems.
- Assessing surface water contamination by toxic metals via bioindicators: public health implicationsPublication . Martins, RamiroThis study presents the results of heavy metal concentrations in aquatic mosses collected from the Ave River Basin during two field surveys (campaigns II and III) and a comparison with data from a field survey carried out 15 years earlier (campaign I). The findings indicated high levels of chromium in the samples from the two previous campaigns, along with aggravated contamination of cadmium, lead, and zinc compared to campaign I. The order of metal accumulation in the moss samples, from highest to lowest, was Fe > Zn > Cu > Cr > Ni > Pb > Cd > Hg. The Metal Pollution Index (MPI) revealed changes in contamination levels between campaigns. Most stations experienced a decrease in classification due to increased water flow and reduced accumulation during Campaign II. The contamination patterns suggest the influence of industrial activities, particularly metal coating facilities. Monitoring and mitigation efforts are necessary to address persistent heavy metal pollution in the Ave River Basin.
- Binary classification of cardiac pathologies using deep learning: a PTB-XL dataset approachPublication . Chaabani, Mohamed Khalil; Teixeira, João Paulo; Slim , Mohamed AymenCardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction, remain among the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Timely and accurate diagnosis is critical for effective treatment but often requires labour-intensive manual analysis of clinical-grade electrocardiograms (ECGs). This dissertation proposes a novel deep learning-based approach for binary classification of cardiac pathologies, using the PTB-XL dataset. The final model architecture integrates EfficientNetB3 for spatial feature extraction and a Linformer block to capture long-range dependencies between ECG leads, the results prove its adaptability for ECG image classification tasks. Extensive experimentation and iterative model development were conducted to reach the final design. Early trials involved exploring different hyperparameter tuning like Optuna and Adam optimizer and a wide range of hyperparameter configurations, including different learning rates, dropout rates, batch sizes, and numbers of Linformer layers. These experiments were critical in finding the optimal combination of parameters that balanced computational efficiency and model accuracy. Comprehensive details of these trials and evaluations are provided in the report. The preprocessing pipeline involves selecting the ECGs and converting them to 11 images (aVR was excluded) each representing a lead, converting RGBA ECG images to RGB format and applying normalization to ensure compatibility with model input requirements. This preprocessing step addresses the unique format of the dataset and prepares it for high-performance neural network training. Initial results from the finalized model architecture have demonstrated promising performance, achieving an AUC (Area Under the Curve) of 85.02% and a F1-score of 78.94%. The achieved results are comparable to recent state-of-the-art models reported on the PTB-XL dataset, which typically range between 85% and 95% AUC for similar binary classification tasks. These results indicate that the model's AUC of 85.02% is promising but on the edge of the current state-of-the-art. These findings indicate strong potential for the system to support clinical decision-making by automating the classification of ECG data. Ongoing research aims to extend the current binary classification framework to multi-class scenarios, further enhancing its clinical applicability. Additionally, efforts are being made to improve the model for faster inference times, enabling real-time ECG analysis and improving its feasibility for deployment in healthcare settings.
- Bioindicators for assessing heavy metal contamination in surface waters and public healthPublication . Martins, RamiroThis study presents the results of heavy metal concentrations in aquatic mosses collected from the Ave River Basin during two field surveys (campaigns II and III) and a comparison with data from a field survey carried out 15 years earlier (campaign I). The findings indicated high levels of chromium in the samples from the two previous campaigns, along with aggravated contamination of cadmium, lead, and zinc compared to campaign I. The order of metal accumulation in the moss samples, from highest to lowest, was Fe > Zn > Cu > Cr > Ni > Pb > Cd > Hg. The Metal Pollution Index (MPI) revealed changes in contamination levels between campaigns. Most stations experienced a decrease in classification due to increased water flow and reduced accumulation during Campaign II. The contamination patterns suggest the influence of industrial activities, particularly metal coating facilities. Overall, ongoing monitoring and mitigation efforts are necessary to address persistent heavy metal pollution in the Ave River Basin.