ESTiG - Resumos em Proceedings Não Indexados à WoS/Scopus
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Percorrer ESTiG - Resumos em Proceedings Não Indexados à WoS/Scopus por Domínios Científicos e Tecnológicos (FOS) "Engenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia Civil"
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- Accurate 3D numerical models for the fire performance on lsf partition walls under different fire scenariosPublication . Piloto, Paulo A.G.; Silva, Renata; Frizzera, Giovanna; Torres, Leonardo; Couto, Carlos; Vila Real, Paulo; Mesquita, Luís M.R.; Lopes, NunoThis study presents the development and validation of advanced 3D numerical models to analyse the fire performance of non-load-bearing Light Steel Frame (LSF) partition walls under different fire scenarios, specifically the standard ISO 834 and HYDROCARBON fire. Medium-scale experimental fire resistance tests from prior research were used for validation, focusing on LSF walls with and without cavity insulation (external composite insulation). Three computational solution methods were compared and used to predict the fire behaviour of LSF walls with a void cavity. The finite element method was employed for transient thermal analysis with temperature-dependent material properties, including adaptations to simulate material degradation such as gypsum board cracking and rock wool melting under HYDROCARBON fire conditions. Hydrocarbon fires reduced fire resistance by an average of 57% compared to ISO 834 fires for cavity-insulated walls, whereas external insulation configurations showed less reduction.
- Caracterização mecânica de provetes de granito sujeitos a temperaturas elevadasPublication . Ferreira, Débora; Fontes, Luís; Vanconcelos, Graça; Oliveira, Edna; Mesquita, Luís M.R.O aumento da temperatura média na superfície da terra pode trazer diversas e complexas consequências ao meio ambiente, além de danos irreversíveis para a humanidade. Um dos efeitos diretos é o aumento do número de incêndios rurais, que possuem um elevado potencial de destruição não só para a fauna e a flora do local, mas também para o património vernáculo constituído. Estas construções rurais merecem ser cuidadosamente salvaguardadas pois constituem a união entre o património natural e o património cultural. As construções vernáculas são maioritariamente compostas por alvenaria de pedra de junta seca, alvenaria de pedra com argamassa de cal ou alvenaria de pedra com argamassa à base de terra. Os efeitos causados pelos incêndios nestas construções resultam na sua elevada destruição bem como na destruição do seu legado histórico.
- Evaluation of a low-volume unpaved roadPublication . Paula, António Miguel; Minhoto, ManuelLow volume roads complement the national and regional networks, constituting a considerable extension of the existing road network, playing an important social and economic role. In most countries, EBVT networks also integrate unpaved roads and paths, normally connecting more distant and isolated places, often located in protected ecological and agricultural zones. The behavior of these roads is very dependent on the type of soil and its mechanical properties, as well as traffic actions and weather conditions. The evaluation of the mechanical characteristics and bearing capacity of the soils that constitute them is of great importance and is based on the execution of geotechnical characterization tests. A study is presented of an unpaved road, 3.1 km long, located in the natural park of Montesinho, Bragança, which ensures circulation through the park, particularly, the access between two dams that supply water to localities in the region of Bragança. The proper conservation of this unpaved road, by the managing institution (CMB), requires that its structural and functional state be periodically evaluated. Thus, a functional evaluation was carried out, by using an adequate methodology, observing the state of degradation of its road surface and the drainage system, which is of great importance for its integrity. A structural, or geotechnical, assessment was also carried out at points located every 100 meters, based on which the length of the road was subdivided into homogeneous sections. This subdivision was carried out using the accumulated differences method, proposed by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), based on the results obtained in the following tests: Plate Load, Light Dynamic Penetrometer, Dynamic Load Tests, which include the Light Falling Weight Deflectometer (LFWD)) and dynamic CBR, and the standard CBR test. In the representative points of each homogeneous section, soil samples were extracted with the objective of carrying out the following laboratory tests: granulometric analysis and consistency limits (identification), Proctor Tests and California Bearing Ratio (CBR). It was taken care to ensure that this type of assessment was carried out annually in campaigns before and after winter. From the results analysed, at the level of each homogeneous section, there was a convergence of results between the different types of tests in each evaluation campaign. It was also found that the evaluated parameters varied between different evaluation campaigns, concluding that these vary in time, with the climatic seasons and with the conservation interventions. A study and update of a relationship between the CBR and the Modulus of the soil of subgrade was also carried out, in order to contribute to a better mechanical characterization (E vs CBR) of road foundations, like of the type recommended in the scope of different methodologies for the design of flexible pavements.
- Finite element analysis to model the fire behaviour of multilayer wood-based systemsPublication . Magalhães, Leandro; Alves, Matheus; Mesquita, Luís M.R.; Piloto, Paulo A.G.; Barreira, Luísa; Ferreira, Débora; Mofreita, FilipeThe high pollution levels produced by the manufacturing of conventional Portland cement have motivated several studies in an attempt to modernize this process with alternative binders and the conscious use of natural resources. The correct treatment of residues has become a matter of great concern. The project “BacchusTech” aims to reuse diatomaceous earth from wine filtrations, introducing them into the composition of cement mortars through the reduction of cement and sand, seeking to valorise this winemaking residue and contributing to a sustainable construction. Three compositions of Portland cement-based mortars introducing residual diatomaceous earth are studied and fire behaviour tests are performed to the obtained specimens of mortars. The characterisation of these elements regarding their reaction to fire is performed using the cone calorimeter equipment.
- Learning linear algebra with the MathE platform: an experience in a mechanical engineering coursePublication . Barros, Paula Maria; Cordeiro, Edite; Silva, FloraLinear algebra is part of the curriculum of most engineering courses. However, many students’ difficulties in this area and the heterogeneity of their mathematical knowledge pose significant challenges for teachers. In this context, more personalized and interactive learning is needed to help overcome individual difficulties and promote autonomy in constructing knowledge. Technological platforms such as MathE are important tools in this process, as they facilitate the development of skills in searching, selecting, and analyzing the information provided. Therefore, as part of the Linear Algebra and Analytical Geometry course unit of a Mechanical Engineering degree course, we proposed that students use the Self Need Assessment component of the MathE platform to take two tests: one at a basic level and the other at an advanced level on the topics of Vector Spaces (VS) and Linear Transformations (LT). After submitting each test consisting of seven multiple-choice questions, the students were asked how they had performed.We also asked them to present their solutions to get them to identify and correct their own mistakes based on the feedback provided by the platform and the teacher. When complemented with other approaches, the MathE platform can be a valuable tool to increase students’ autonomy in overcoming their difficulties, thus promoting the learning of linear algebra.
- A new proposal for estimating the temperatures on the steel deck components of composite slabs under firePublication . Balsa, Carlos; Lima, Lídia; Piloto, Paulo A.G.This work aims to improve the estimation of the temperatures on the steel deck under fire. An accurate estimation of these temperatures is crucial to determine the load-bearing capacity (R) of the slab. An analytical method, alternative to the simplified method provided by Eurocode 4, that enables temperature estimation on the steel deck components (web, lower and upper flange), is derived from the numerical results, obtained with a three-dimensional computational model. This new proposal considers the effect of the concrete thickness ℎ1, enables to obtain unbiased temperatures and, contrary to the Eurocode 4 proposal, fits very well the numerical results.
- Reabilitação energética de edifícios de habitação - influência da fase de vida dos proprietários na tomada de decisãoPublication . Abreu, Maria Isabel; Oliveira, Rui; Lopes, JorgeAs políticas energéticas ainda refletem pouco o facto de os proprietários de habitações serem um grupo heterogéneo quando se trata de compreender o que está subjacente à sua decisão de proceder a melhorias energéticas nas suas habitações. A análise deste tipo de processos decisórios num contexto abrangente e multidisciplinar, onde não entram apenas as habituais variáveis sociodemográficas, mas também as ligadas à vida pessoal, doméstica e social é ainda pouco usual em Portugal. Com especial enfoque nestes três últimos tópicos, este estudo tem como objetivo aprofundar o conhecimento existente sobre influência da fase de vida dos proprietários portugueses na decisão de levar a cabo melhorias energéticas. Neste sentido, foi realizada uma investigação exploratória baseada na recolha de informação por inquérito. Os resultados reforçam que há um importante condicionamento da fase de vida dos proprietários na sua atitude e comportamento perante a renovação energética da sua habitação, quase sempre interrelacionados com a vida do agregado familiar e com o seu contexto social. Os proprietários portugueses mais novos parecem ser grandemente abertos aos argumentos ambientais e da eficiência energética. As dinâmicas e rotinas da sua vida doméstica favorecem uma decisão de renovação, na qual frequentemente se envolvem, quer planeando quer intervindo diretamente fazendo. Mas é na meia idade que as renovações energéticas estão muito associadas a razões estéticas, estilo de vida e normas sociais. Os mais velhos são os mais relutantes a disrupções na sua vida e preferem eventos únicos de reabilitação. Os significados afetivos da casa para a família, a funcionalidade e o conforto são fatores bem mais relevantes do que as normas sociais. De salientar um aspeto de cariz transversal que são os momentos-chave de vida, que a ciência comportamental denomina de “janelas de oportunidade”, e que influenciam enormemente o desencadear de uma intenção e ação de renovação.
- Sustainable university campuses and the city - a case studyPublication . Abreu, Maria Isabel; Lopes, Jorge; Oliveira, RuiThe importance of sustainable university campuses extends nowadays beyond the boundaries of the university to the urban surroundings. By adopting sustainable practices these spaces can contribute to the quality of life in cities. There is nowadays a search for integration between campuses and cities, exploring new models for their joint growth, which requires a deep understanding of their relationship. This study aimed to understand what is behind the adoption of outdoor spaces on campuses by common citizens. The research methodology was based on a case study by means of a qualitative analysis method with data collection through observation and interviews. The case study is the Santa Apolónia Campus of the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança in Portugal. Housed on a former farm, the campus is in the heart of the city and includes extensive green areas accessible to the urban community. The results revealed that citizens make use of the campus in different ways. They cross it as part of their daily urban mobility and use it both as a recreational area and as a ground for farming due to the existence of community gardens. The results suggest also that the campus is considered indistinctly from other public spaces which is strongly connected with the search for certain conditions of well-being, particularly regarding outdoor thermal comfort, nature connection, and urban leisure. This search seems to be the engine that connects ordinary citizens to outdoor spaces on campus. The results also reinforce the significant role that the location of campuses in the city center and their sustainable spatial design and configuration can play in the campus-city connection. Of relevance in this case were the spaces that enable people to meet and socialize, such as the vegetable gardens, which seem to have a distinct influence on reinforcing citizens' sense of belonging to the campus.