CIMO - Posters em Encontros Científicos Internacionais
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- Chiral separation by SMB chromatographyPublication . Pais, Luís S.; Loureiro, José M.; Rodrigues, Alírio
- Interaction between non-homologous portuguese isolates of Albugo candida and Brassica oleraceaPublication . Jorge, Lurdes; Dias, João SilvaThe interaction of five non-homologous portuguese isolates of A. candida (four isolated from B. rapa – Ac506, Ac508, Ac509 and Ac510, and one from Raphanus sativus) in forty B. oleracea accessions from different geographic origins was evaluated at the cotyledonar stage. Some accessions presented susceptibility to the non-homologous isolates of B. rapa, mainly head cabbage ‘Large Blood Red’ and savoy cabbage ‘Brusselse Winter’. These accessions exhibited mean levels of infection higher than 20 and 46.7% respectively, independently of the B. rapa isolate tested. The isolates Ac508 and Ac510 revealed higher pathogenicity in the B. oleracea accessions tested than isolates Ac506 and Ac509. The isolate from R. sativus was the less pathogenic for the B. oleracea accessions tested. The kale ‘Verza San Giovanni’ was the accession that exhibits higher susceptibility to this isolate with 20.7% of infected plants. Non-homologous isolates of B. rapa and R. sativus were able to colonize some B. oleracea host accessions, which means that it is important to study the interaction and the variability between different Brassica accessions and isolates, and to review the concept of "races" of A. candida to formae speciales.
- Influência da adubação potássica na produtividade da couve lombarda (Brassica oleracea var. sabauda L.)Publication . Ferreira, Abel; Jorge, Lurdes
- Polyacylated anthocyanins from HebePublication . Cabrita, Luís; Justesen, Ulla; Frøystein, Nils Åge; Andersen, Øyvind M.Four acylated anthocyanins were isolated from flowers of Hebe spp. On the basis of LC-MS (Liquid Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry) and NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) techniques, they were identified as (1) cyanidin 3-O-[2-O-(6-O-(E-caffeoyl)-beta-glucopyranosyl)-6-O-(E-p-coumaroyl)-beta-glucopyranoside]-5-O-beta-glucopyranoside, (2) cyanidin 3-O-[2-O-(6-O-(E-p-coumaroyl)-beta-glucopyranosyl)-6-O-(E-p-coumaroyl)-beta-glucopyranoside]-5-O-beta-glucopyranoside, (3) cyanidin 3-O-[2-O-(6-O-(E-caffeoyl)-beta-glucopyranosyl)-6-O-(E-p-coumaroyl)-beta-glucopyranoside]-5-O-[6-O-(malonyl)-beta-glucopyranoside], and (4) cyanidin 3-O-[2-O-(6-O-(E-p-coumaroyl)-beta-glucopyranosyl)-6-O-(E-p-coumaroyl)-beta-glucopyranoside]-5-O-[6-O-(malonyl)-beta-glucopyranoside]. Pigments 2 and 4 are novel compounds.
- Sustainable management of chestnut forested areas in high forest and coppice systemsPublication . Monteiro, Maria do Loreto; Patrício, Maria Sameiro; Nunes, Luís; Beito, Sónia; Mesquita, Susana; Campilho, Blanca; Guerra, HéliaSince 2002 a AGRO research project, supported by European Community, is being developed aimed to propose and to validate models for chestnut forests sustainable management in two subsystems, high forest and coppice The management has been based in silvicultural techniques having in view the conservation and rational utilization of soil as well as the suitable account for biomass, tree incorporated and lift annual soil restored nutrients, including good environmental practices, promoting seedling, assuring the ecosystem continuity, health and vitality. We also intended in this project to evaluate the productive potentiality of Castanea sativa Mill., through the establishment of volume and biomass prediction equations, modeling the relationship of tree height to diameter at breast height and defining site index. At the present time and for the high forest subsystem, dendrometrical measurements were made in all standing trees from installed plots already existent in communal old stands where, we also felled some trees for characterization and account of biomass by components. A final cut was applied in one of those stands an4 data altogether, is being statistically processed for productive potentiality evaluation. Still for high forest, dendrometrical measurements were made in all 15 new 3000m2 plots installed in forest producers owned properties and equally distributed by 5 empirically defined productive levels. One of these young plots was the stage for a forest producer's demonstration action on stand improvement. For the coppice subsystem management models have been made available and discussed in situ with forest technicians and producers by means of another demonstration action.
- Chestnut high forest stands. biometrical study in the North of PortugalPublication . Nunes, Luís; Monteiro, Maria do Loreto; Patrício, Maria Sameiro; Alpuim, Teresa; Martins, LucílioWhere site conditions are appropriate, Castanea sativa Mill. is a very suitable species for sub-mediterranical regions (Guerreiro, 1957). It is precisely in the north of Portugal mainly in Tras-os-Montes and Beiras where Castanea sativa is more representative. Over the last decade many new stands were installed under the European Community policies supporting forest investment. The main purpose for these young plantations is to produce high quality wood. Logs with medium and large dimensions can attain interesting profitability levels (125 €/m3 over bark in trees with diameter at breast height (d) over 30 cm). Taking into account the economical value of Castanea sativa and its increasing area expansion, without neglecting environmental and social values, it becomes important to follow sound silvicultural prescriptions and management practices which depend, among others, on the accurate estimation of wood contents through volume determination. In this study, regression analysis theory was used to obtain volume equations as a function of standing tree easily measured variables and also for modelling the relationship of tree total height (h) to diameter at breast height (d). A methodology was adopted to obtain models with the lowest possible bias in its volume estimates and, at the same time, with low correlation among regressors. Selected models, which are presented, can be used to construct volume tables, very useful tools for forest producers, namely small farmers in such a way that, as much as possible, avoid revenue losses Comparisons were made with equations used by the Forest Services.
- Non-host resistance: is it really a durable source of resistance?Publication . Rodrigues, Paula; Garrood, J.M.; Shen, Q.-H.; Smith, P.H.; Boyd, L.A.Yellow rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis West., is an important foliar disease of wheat and barley throughout the world, and the development of resistant cultivars is the most economical and environmentally friendly method of control. Breeding for resistance to yellow rust has, for decades, been based on the use of race-specific resistance genes, which have shown to be short-lived. Non-host resistance has been studied as a possible source of durable resistance. A non-host resistance associated with hypersensitivity has been detected in the wheat cultivar ‘Lemhi’ to the barley attacking form of yellow rust, P. striiformis f. sp. hordei. Two major genes, as well as an undetermined number of minor genes, have been identified as responsible for this resistance in ‘Lemhi’. The present study aimed at quantifying and mapping those genes using QTL (quantitative trait loci) mapping procedures. For that purpose, an F2 population of 114 individuals resulting from the cross of resistant ‘Lemhi’ with ‘Chinese 166’, a wheat cultivar susceptible to barley yellow rust, was used as the mapping population. QTL effects and significance were estimated by means of interval mapping and MQM mapping procedures. In all individuals showing resistance towards P. striiformis f.sp. hordei, there was a visual chlorosis/necrosis response typical of race-specific, host resistance. QTL analysis resulted in the mapping of two major QTLs on chromosome arms 1DS (Psh1) and 2BL (Psh2) and two other, with a minor effect, on chromosome arms 5AL (Psh3) and 6AL (Psh4). Psh1 and Psh2 have been mapped to segments of the wheat genome where other wheat yellow rust resistance genes (Yr genes) and QTLs had previously been mapped, suggesting an association between host and non-host yellow rust resistance genes. The cloning of both major and minor Psh genes, as well as the Yr genes present in ‘Lemhi’, would allow us to determine the similarity of their structure and function. On the other hand, if a close linkage between major Psh genes and Yr genes is confirmed, it would suggest that these genes could have evolved from the same ancestral R gene. If that is to be the case, then their durability would be similarly perishable. The value of pursuing for non-host resistance genes as a source of durable resistance would therefore have to be seriously reconsidered.
- Identification of non-host resistance genes in wheat to barley yellow rustPublication . Rodrigues, Paula; Garrood, J.M.; Shen, Q.-H.; Smith, P.H.; Boyd, L.A.Yellow rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis West., is an important foliar disease of wheat and barley throughout the world, and the development of resistant cultivars is the most economical and environmentally friendly method of control. Breeding for resistance to yellow rust has, for decades, been based on the use of race-specific resistance genes, which have shown to be short-lived. Non-host resistance has been studied as a possible source of durable resistance. Two major genes, as well as an undetermined number of minor genes, for non-host resistance to the barley attacking form of yellow rust, P. striiformis f. sp. hordei, have been previously detected in the wheat cultivar ‘Lemhi’. The present study aimed at quantifying and mapping those genes using QTL (quantitative trait loci) mapping procedures. For that purpose, an F2 population of 114 individuals resulting from the cross of resistant ‘Lemhi’ with ‘Chinese 166’, a wheat cultivar susceptible to barley yellow rust, was used as the mapping population. QTL effects and significance were estimated by means of interval mapping and MQM mapping procedures. A map for the F2 population was constructed which included 116 DNA markers (14 SSRs and 102 AFLPs). Two major QTLs have been mapped to chromosome arms 1DS (Psh1) and 2BL (Psh2), with significant LOD values. These two QTLs account for 76.7% of the phenotypic variance for resistance to barley yellow rust. Two other QTLs, with a minor effect, were mapped to chromosome arms 5AL (Psh3) and 6AL (Psh4), explaining 5.1% and 10.9% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. The QTL on 5A was derived from the susceptible variety, ‘Chinese 166’. In all cases the resistance towards P. striiformis f.sp. hordei was associated with a visual chlorosis/necrosis response typical of race-specific, host resistance.
- Biomass Equations for Castanea sativa High Forest in the Northwest of PortugalPublication . Patrício, Maria Sameiro; Tomé, Margarida; Monteiro, Maria do LoretoThere is considerable interest today in estimating the biomass of trees and forests for practical forestry issues, sustainable management, carbon and nutrient flux and other scientific purposes. For these reasons, aboveground biomass was studied in Castanea sativa high forest stands located in the Northwest of Portugal. The most widely used procedure for stand biomass evaluation is the regression estimation method, in which the stand biomass is predicted through the sum of the predicted biomass of individual trees. In this study, thirty-four old sweet chestnut trees, located in three stands, were felled, measured and weighted to evaluate the aboveground biomass by components. Several linear and nonlinear equations were fitted by the least squares method to select a model that predicts total tree aboveground biomass as well as bole-wood, bole-bark, branches, leaves and flowers biomass components as a function of DBH (diameter at breast height) and total height. For each component it was selected the model which fit better.
- Effect of soil tillage on diversity and abundance of macrofungi associated with chestnut tree in the Northeast of PortugalPublication . Baptista, Paula; Martins, Anabela; Lino-Neto, Teresa; Tavares, Rui Manuel