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Percorrer por autor "Valdez, Susana"

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  • AD and SDH on Portuguese state-sponsored channels: state of play and where to?
    Publication . Martins, Cláudia; Xavier, Catarina; Valdez, Susana; Pinto, Sara Ramos; Monteiro, Sílvia Malena; Martins, Mariana; Morgado, Marta
    The development of Media Accessibility (MA) has brought to the fore concerns with the inclusion of people with disabilities in all walks of life, from the traditional audiovisual contexts (e.g. TV and cinema) to other cultural and historical venues, including other life events, such as births, weddings, and the like. These concerns stemmed from the fact that, in the 1980s and 1990s, attention was focused on the need for television channels and cinema houses to provide accessible programming including then subtitling for the deaf and hard-of-hearing (SDH) and audiodescription (AD), and later respeaking. While the USA and the UK were the pioneers internationally, other European countries slowly engaged in such practices and developed guidelines to cater for these needs. One such case is Germany where Bernd Benecke (from Bayerischer Rundfunk) has been a reference in MA when it comes to AD in TV programmes. As a result, accessibility television services have become a legal requirement worldwide, and in particular in European countries, since the early 2000s. In her ground-breaking survey, Remael (2007) has identified that different countries go through different histories, traditions and priorities with a direct impact on how much SDH each country produces and broadcasts and the procedures it follows. The data collected by Reviers (2016) seems to indicate similar circumstances in regard to Audiodescription. In this paper, we will focus on the case of Portugal, and in particular the state-sponsored channel RTP, in order to offer a more in-depth look into how the accessibility services developed, their current practices and priorities as well as the SDH and AD professionals’ working conditions and main challenges. As in other countries, the development of SDH in Portugal has largely coincided with the introduction of teletext and was initiated by the channel under analysis which has played a key role in recruiting and training local teams of experts, as well as developing and disseminating working practices both internally and externally. In the context of the project AVT Accessibility in Portugal, data has been collected via a questionnaire and follow-up in-depth/qualitative interviews with the different SDH and AD in-house professionals employed at RTP. Preliminary analysis points towards particular linguistic, technological and internal communication challenges, lack of training and of update of guidelines, and that professionals may tend not to identify themselves as translators. It also indicates a lack of knowledge-sharing among European television channels. Finally, it has been possible to note difficult access to the target communities which professionals try to compensate for by having, in the case of AD, blind consultants that check translations. In sum, we will seek to provide a thorough description of RTP’s team of translators in terms of their training, previous experience, work procedures and relation to SDH and AD guidelines and target audiences. This will be complemented with selected information retrieved from the qualitative interviews. Based on this preliminary analysis, we aim to critically reflect on the overall situation and suggest a series of recommendations for moving forward, including conducting a reception-oriented study.
    2023Documento de conferência Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • Past history through technology: digital resources based on the Holocaust survivor testimonies
    Publication . Martins, Cláudia; Gómbar, Zsófia; Fernandes, Ana Raquel Lourenço; Xavier, Catarina; Pieta, Hanna; Valdez, Susana; Ferro, Maria João
    “Remembering the Past, Learning for the Future: Research-Based Digital Learning from Testimonies of Survivors and Rescuers of the Holocaust” [ID 740639658] was funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology. Via the international partnership (USC Shoah Foundation, Zachor Foundation, Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem, and the University of Luxembourg), the CEAUL team developed a suite of materials for educators and the general public using testimony from witnesses and survivors of the Holocaust through digital tools, with an innovative pedagogical methodology. As stated by the Johannesburg Holocaust & Genocide Centre (online), “Survivor testimonies are first-hand accounts from individuals who had lived through the Holocaust or genocide and their stories help students to understand and empathise more deeply with the human (and inhuman) aspects of mass atrocities”. The project aimed to achieve seven objectives, of which we highlight the following: 1) the research in the Visual History Archive of the University of Southern California’s Shoah Foundation (an archive that contains 54,975 video testimonies of survivors and rescuers of the Holocaust – 563 in Portuguese); 2) the creation of a Portuguese language microsite on the IWitness platform for the resources developed; and 3) the development of 6 digital, testimony-based educational materials on the IWitness platform in Portuguese. The assumption of such a project consisted of effectively integrating ICT into education materials to improve students’ skills, namely what has come to be known as 21st century skills (e.g., critical thinking, creativity, communication and collaboration). Despite the seemingly historical emphasis of the project’s resources, their main goal has been to stir discussion in the History and Portuguese Language classrooms, to name a few, and encourage empathy based on historical events that regrettably are still up-to-date. Therefore, we intend to present one of the six activities created within this project that target the Portuguese compulsory secondary education and Higher Education levels, where we sought to build a story around the topic “The Rescuers”. By using the strategy of storytelling (cf. Schallié & Spaar, 2021, online), each activity intertwined excerpts of different testimonies that ultimately enabled the construction of a/the bigger picture. We also wish to account on the manner students received this particular activity, by retrieving information from teachers and students’ reports.
    2022Documento de conferência Acesso aberto Ver mais