Percorrer por autor "Tounakti, Sahar"
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- Assessing mitochondrial DNA variability in honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) across Europe: inference of introgression and implications for conservationPublication . Tounakti, Sahar; Pinto, M. Alice; Henriques, Dora; Yakoubi, SanaThe Western honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) diversified into 31 subspecies in its widespread native range in Africa, Europe, and part of Asia. Europe is home to 10 of these subspecies, which are grouped into three mitochondrial lineages; the Western European (M), the Eastern European (C), and the African (A). However, due to the increasing trading of commercial strains, typically of C-lineage ancestry, the genetic integrity of several European subspecies and local populations is threatened. This study assesses the maternal diversity patterns in 225 samples originating from 13 European countries by using the highly polymorphic tRNAleu-cox2 intergenic region. Nineteen distinct haplotypes belonging to the M, C, and A lineages were identified, revealing notable regional patterns. In Portugal, A-lineage haplotypes were exclusively identified, suggesting a unique level of conservation within the A. m. iberiensis subspecies. Conversely, in countries such as Finland, Estonia, and Sweden, C-lineage haplotypes predominate, indicating a potential replacement of the native M-lineage subspecies, A. m. mellifera. This study highlights that Ireland maintains a distinct genetic composition predominantly of A. m. mellifera, which together with the Iberian populations, is one of the last M-lineage preserved populations in Europe. These results emphasize the need for nuclear DNA analysis to fully assess genetic introgression and provide a comprehensive baseline for conservation efforts to protect the genetic integrity and diversity of European honey bee populations. Future research should incorporate nuclear DNA markers to complement mtDNA findings, allowing a deeper insight into the degree of introgression and providing a more complete view of the genetic composition of European honey bee populations.
- Maternal origin of honeybee (Apis mellifera) colonies from across EuropePublication . Lopes, Ana; Costa, Maíra; Tounakti, Sahar; Henriques, Dora; Quaresma, Andreia; Yadró Garcia, Carlos A.; Albo, Alexandre; Blažytė-Čereškienė, Laima; Broodschneider, Robert; Brusbardis, Valters; Carreck, Norman L.; Charistos, Leonidas; Chlebo, Robert; Coffey, Mary F.; Danneels, Ellen; Dobrescu, Constantin; Filipi, Janja; Gajda, Anna; Galea, Thomas; Gratzer, Kristina; Hatjina, Fani; Johannesen, Jes; Körmendy-Rácz, János; Kovačić, Marin; Preben, Kristiansen; Martikkala, Maritta; Martín-Hernández, Raquel; Pietropaoli, Marco; Poirot, Benjamin; Radev, Zheko; Raudmets, Aivar; Douarre, Vincent; Rodriguez-Flores, Maria Shantal; Roessink, Ivo; Ivana, Maja; Škerl, Maja Ivana Smodiš; Titera, Dalibor; Steen, Jozef van der; Varnava, Andri; Vejsnæs, Flemming; Webster, Matthew T.; Graaf, Dirk C.; Pinto, M. AliceWorldwide commercial beekeeping poses a threat to the native origin of the honeybee (Apis mellifera), with beekeepers favouring subspecies of Eastern European C-lineage ancestry, due to their docile behaviour and high honey production traits. In many parts of western and northern Europe, queens of Western European M-lineage ancestry have been massively replaced by queens of C-lineage ancestry, and this has led to the development of conservation programs aiming at recovering native lines. The maternally-inherited mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), particularly the intergenic region tRNAleu-cox2, has been the marker of choice for assessing honey bee variation at large geographical scales. Herein, we will show the results of the mtDNA analysis of over 850 colonies collected across 28 European countries. These samples were subjected to DNA extraction, followed by PCR, and Sanger sequencing. The analysis of the sequences was conducted in Mega 11. The results indicated that, apart from Portugal, Spain, and the conservation centres in France and Denmark, where the colonies exhibited African or M haplotypes, the remaining countries are dominated by colonies of C-lineage maternal ancestry. In conclusion, this unprecedented mtDNA analysis conducted across Europe underscores the worrying dominance of C-lineage genetic variation, highlighting the urgent need for strategic conservation efforts to preserve the native genetic diversity of Apis mellifera.