Percorrer por autor "Nemoto, Ana"
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- Development of a methodology for quantification of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in hydric mediaPublication . Nemoto, Ana; Gonçalves, Morgana; Ribeiro, António E.; Brito, Paulo; Queiroz, AnaEmerging micropollutants are substances found in the environment in very low concentrations, as micrograms or nanograms per liter, but that can cause harmful effects even in these low quantities. Since this is a recent issue, these pollutants are not legislated yet, but depending on the results of toxicity, bioaccumulation and other studies, they can be regulated in the future. The Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCP’s) are a subclass of emerging micropollutants. Although they are very relevant to society, these compounds are eliminated in high quantities by the human body and are not efficiently removed from water in sewage treatment plants. Since they are present in very low concentrations, the analysis and study of PPCP’s is a tough task, demanding sophisticated instrumental methods of analysis. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop a method of analysis to quantify and to monitor the concentration of some PPCP´s, such as, ibuprofen, diclofenac, naproxen, sulfamethoxazole, azithromycin and carbamazepine in aqueous media from Bragança region. These were the pharmaceutical drugs chosen since they are compounds most likely to be found in the aqueous matrices of the area.
- Development of a methodology for quantification of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in hydric mediaPublication . Nemoto, Ana; Gonçalves, Morgana; Ribeiro, António E.; Brito, Paulo; Queiroz, AnaEmerging micropollutants are substances found in the environment in very low concentrations, as micrograms or nanograms per liter, but that can cause harmful effects even in these low quantities. Since this is a recent issue, these pollutants are not legislated yet, but depending on the results of toxicity, bioaccumulation and other studies, they can be regulated in the future. The Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCP’s) are a subclass of emerging micropollutants.
- Extraction and quantification of pharmaceutical drugs in aqueous matricesPublication . Oliveira, Ana; Nemoto, Ana; Ribeiro, António E.; Queiroz, Ana; Brito, PauloThe increasing demand of modern societies for the production and use of chemical compounds coupled with inefficient sewage collection and treatment systems, results in an inadequate release of all types of pollutants in the environment. Emerging pollutants are potentially toxic substances that although typically found in very small concentrations can produce hazard effects on the environment. Due to their very small concentrations they are not yet included in the water quality monitoring programs neither in the environmental control legislation standards. Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products (PPPs) represents an important group of emerging pollutants due to their continued increase in worldwide consumption and to their inherent capacity to induce physiological effects in very low doses, which raises concerns about the potential adverse effects on humans, animals and environmental systems. In this work, it will be presented the development and validation of an analytical methodology based in solid phase extraction (SPE) and high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). The method is validated through its application using real samples of aqueous matrices obtained from different hydric media (swimming pools, rivers and wastewater treatment plants). To extend the scope of the analytical method and thereby a more comprehensive study, the study includes five pharmaceutical drugs that belong to four different pharmacological classes, namely, an analgesic (paracetamol), two antibiotics (azithromycin and sulfamethoxazole), an anticonvulsant (carbamazepine) and a stimulator of the central nervous system (caffeine). These compounds were selected due to their high use and medical prescription levels and consequently leading to a high probability of environmental contamination.
- Extraction and quantification of pharmaceutical drugs in aqueous matricesPublication . Oliveira, Ana Teresa Lopes Branco de; Nemoto, Ana; Ribeiro, António E.; Queiroz, Ana; Brito, PauloThe increasing production and use of chemical compounds, coupled with inefficient sewage treatment systems, results in an inadequate release of all types of pollutants into the environment. Emerging pollutants are potentially toxic substances normally found in very small concentrations but that can produce harmful effects on the environment. These compounds are not yet included in water quality monitoring programs nor in environmental control legislation standards. Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) are an important group of emerging pollutants due to their continuing increase in world consumption and their inherent capacity to induce physiological effects at very low doses, raising concerns about potential adverse effects in humans, animals and environmental systems.
- Monitoring of emerging micropollutants in hydric media in Bragança districtPublication . Nemoto, Ana; Gonçalves, Morgana; Ribeiro, António E.; Brito, Paulo; Queiroz, AnaThis work aims to develop and validate a method for the quantification and monitoring of emerging micropollutants belonging to the class of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCP´s) in several hydric media from Bragança district, Portugal. Six pharmaceutical drugs were selected for this study, namely, ibuprofen, diclofenac, naproxen, azithromycin, sulfamethoxazole and carbamazepine and belongs to three different subclasses that were worldwide prescribed: three anti-inflammatory, two antibiotics and one antiepileptic, respectively. These compounds were chosen after searching which compounds could be more frequently medical prescribed in Bragança, based on related studies associated with regions with similar socioeconomic data. The next step will be the selection of an extraction and an instrumental method of analysis, as well as the selection of the samples collection points in Bragança and to perform some preliminary monitoring of the referred emerging micropollutants.
- Monitoring of emerging micropollutants in hydric media in Bragança districtPublication . Nemoto, Ana; Gonçalves, Morgana; Ribeiro, António E.; Brito, Paulo; Queiroz, AnaEmerging Micropollutants are a subclass of Pollutants and they can be classified as Persistent Organic Pollutants, Endocrine Disrupting Compounds and Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCP´s). These compounds may cause undesired effects to health or to the environment when used in high quantities or wrong ways. Generally, a pharmaceutical drug is prescribed to cause the desired therapeutic effect. However after their use, even at low concentrations they can retain their physicochemical properties [1]. Because of these effects, among others, PPCP’s are substances excreted in relevant quantities by the human body and are not effectively removed from water in sewage treatment plants [2].
- Monitoring of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in hydric media from the Bragança regionPublication . Nemoto, Ana; Oliveira, Ana Teresa Lopes Branco de; Queiroz, Ana; Brito, Paulo; Ribeiro, António E.Emerging micropollutants are substances found in the environment in very low concentrations, at scales ranging from nanograms to micrograms per liter. Usually, wastewater treatment plants are not designed with the purpose of removing these pollutants. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are some of the most prescribed drugs worldwide in order to relief pain and inflammatory conditions. Several studies report the presence of these pharmaceuticals in different aqueous matrices. Therefore, in this work will be presented an extensive set of experimental results obtained for the development and validation of a complete methodology used to identify and quantify five selected NSAIDs (acetylsalicylic acid, diclofenac, ibuprofen, ketoprofen and naproxen) in samples collected from different hydric media of the Bragança region, northern Portugal. Experimental results includes the optimization of solid phase extraction (SPE) and high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) operating conditions, namely, SPE recoveries, HPLC mobile phase composition and pH based on different acetonitrile/water/trifluoroacetic acid contents under isocratic or gradient modes, and optimum wavelengths to improve limits of detection and quantification, among others. The SPE extraction is performed using Chromabond® HLB cartridges, and the optimized extraction process resulted in mass recovery values between 86.5% and 99.3%. After SPE extraction the samples were analyzed by HPLC-DAD using a C18 column, a 60%acetonitrile:40%water:0.01%trifluoroacetic acid solvent composition and a flow-rate of 1.2 mL/min. The selected wavelengths were 219 nm for ibuprofen, 224 nm for acetylsalicylic acid and naproxen, 254 nm for ketoprofen and 275 nm for diclofenac. The experimental methodology was validated using real samples from different aqueous matrices collected in the Bragança region.
- Monitoring of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in hydric media from the Bragança regionPublication . Nemoto, Ana; Oliveira, Ana Teresa Lopes Branco de; Queiroz, Ana; Brito, Paulo; Ribeiro, António E.Emerging micropollutants are chemical substances present in different matrices at very low concentrations, ranging from nanograms to micrograms per liter. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are some of the most prescribed drugs worldwide and several studies report the presence of these substances in various hydric media including drinking water, surface water, sewage water, among others1. Since they are present in very low concentrations, their identification, quantification and removal are not easy tasks2.