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Browsing by Author "Metennani, Sabrina El"

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  • A systematic review and meta-analysis of the occurrence of Anisakids in fishery products from European countries
    Publication . Metennani, Sabrina El; Gonzales-Barron, Ursula; Thébault, Anne
    Anisakids are zoonotic nematodes with a complex life cycle, parasitizing various commercial fish species. These parasites are associated with socioeconomic issues and health risks. However, despite their significance, data related to Anisakids in commercial fishery products in Europe remains incomplete. The primary aim of this thesis is to conduct a systematic review to answer the question: “What is the occurrence of Anisakids in fishery products from European countries?” The search included studies on Anisakids, seafood, and fishery products from the 2010-2023 period. The databases PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Scielo were searched, in addition to papers retrieved from three published meta-analyses. Out of the original 274 studies that met the pre-established inclusion criteria, only 103 studies were retained for meta-analysis, as it was restricted to the genus Anisakis, the organ sampled fillets, and prevalence in retail fish within Europe. The moderating variables impacting Anisakis prevalence showing statistical significance were fishing area, fish host order, sample preparation type, the production mode (wild or aquaculture), sample type and organ sampled (p-values < 0.0001). Meta-analytical multivariate analysis revealed significant variations in Anisakis parasite prevalence across different fishing areas, fish orders, detection methods, and sample preparation types. In Area 27-21 (Atlantic North), the odds of parasite prevalence were significantly higher (OR = 8.06), while the Pacific region also showed elevated prevalence (OR = 3.74) when compared with Area 37 (Mediterranean and Black sea, OR=1). Among fish orders, Salmoniformes exhibited the highest prevalence (OR = 61.14), followed by Gadiformes (OR = 7.44) and Scombriformes (OR = 4.35) in comparison with Clupeiformes Detection using artificial digestion and Press/UV led to higher detection rates when compared to absence of sample preparation. Whole fish demonstrated nearly three times higher prevalence (OR = 2.96) than gutted fish - (reference level). Additionally, the analysis of fillets without belly flaps produced lower prevalence values (OR = 0.21) when compared to fillets with belly flaps, which had the highest contamination levels. Finally, aquaculture-raised fish exhibited significantly lower pooled prevalence (0.60%) compared to wild-caught fish (18.02%). The widespread presence of Anisakis in the edible parts of fish and the associated food safety implications highlight the need for further investigation into the presence of these parasites in fish currently marketed in Europe.
    2024Master thesis Open access Show more