Browsing by Author "Masso, Caroline"
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- Activated carbons prepared from a compost obtained in mechanical biological treatment plants for municipal solid waste processingPublication . Díaz de Tuesta, Jose Luis; Masso, Caroline; Pietrobelli, Juliana Martins Teixeira; Silva, Adrián; Faria, Joaquim; Gomes, HelderActivated carbons (ACs) obtained from different organic wastes have been reported in several works, aiming the valorisation of low-cost useful materials [1]. However, organic wastes typically contain inorganic substances, which can be leached away from the prepared ACs when employed in oxidative aqueous conditions. The current study proposes different strategies to produce ACs from a compost obtained (in excess) during the treatment of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste by anaerobic digestion and maturation in waste management sites.
- Catalytic activity of carbon based materials developed from compost derived from municipal solid wastePublication . Díaz de Tuesta, Jose Luis; Masso, Caroline; Pietrobelli, Juliana Martins Teixeira; Praça, Paulo; Silva, Adrián; Faria, Joaquim; Gomes, HelderIn waste processing facilities equipped with mechanical biological treatment (MTB) systems, the municipal solid waste (MSW) is typically separated in organic residues, recyclable waste and rejects. The organic fraction is then treated by anaerobic digestion, obtaining biogas and a compost that can be used in agriculture. However, the current waste management legislation in Europe and the expected developments regarding the coming directives on the application of the “End-of-waste” criteria, are leading to barriers on the use of fertilizers resulting from waste [1]. Within this context, the current work proposes an alternative strategy to the valorisation of compost, through the production of high-added value materials to be used in catalytic processes. To this aim, a compost obtained from a MTB plant for MSW was considered in the formulation of carbonaceous materials prepared from glycerol, a low-cost byproduct obtained in biodiesel production [2]. The composition of the compost used is summarized in Table 1. As can be observed, the content in organic matter is roughly 50%.
- Oxidação catalítica com peróxido de hidrogénio (CWPO) de poluentes lipofílicos usando materiais preparados por ativação de composto derivado de resíduos sólidos urbanosPublication . Díaz de Tuesta, Jose Luis; Masso, Caroline; Praça, Paulo; Silva, Adrián; Faria, Joaquim; Gomes, HelderAtualmente, os resíduos orgânicos urbanos são tipicamente tratados por digestão anaeróbia e compostagem para produzir composto que é usado na agricultura como fertilizante. No entanto, a legislação europeia em matéria de gestão de resíduos, e os desenvolvimentos esperados nas próximas diretivas sobre a aplicação dos critérios relativos ao fim do estatuto de resíduo, estão a limitar o uso de fertilizantes procedentes de resíduos. O presente trabalho propõe uma estratégia para a valorização de composto, convertendo-o em materiais de baixo custo capazes de serem utilizados em catalisadores. O composto utilizado neste trabalho foi fornecido por uma empresa de gestão de resíduos, sendo de seguida sujeito a tratamentos térmicos e hidrotérmicos. O material de partida foi lavado para remover os sólidos suspensos, sendo depois calcinado a 400 e a 800 ºC. Adicionalmente, foram produzidos outros materiais por tratamento com H2SO4 (18 M) antes e depois da calcinação a 800 ºC. Todos os materiais preparados foram testados na decomposição catalítica de H2O2 e na remediação de águas contaminadas com três poluentes modelo de caráter lipofílico distinto (Sudão-IV, 4-nitrofenol e 2-nitrofenol), por oxidação catalítica com peróxido de hidrogénio (CWPO). Verificou-se que a atividade catalítica das amostras era fortemente afetada pelo caráter lipofílico dos contaminantes.
- Valorization of compost in the production of carbon-based materials for the treatment of contaminated wastewaterPublication . Masso, Caroline; Pietrobelli, Juliana Martins Teixeira; Díaz de Tuesta, Jose LuisThe municipal organic waste is typically treated by mechanical separation and then by anaerobic digestion and composting, in order to valorise the residues in a biogas stream for energy purpose and in compost that can be used in agriculture. However, the current waste management legislation in Europe and the expected developments on the coming directives regarding the application of the “end-of-waste” criteria, are leading to barriers on the use of fertilizers resulting from waste. The current work proposes an alternative strategy to the valorisation of compost through the production of low-cost materials to be used as catalysts in the treatment of wastewaters. The compost was supplied by a waste management company located in the North Est region of Portugal, and then subjected to thermal and hydrothermal treatments. Compost was mixed with water, filtered and washed in order to remove the soluble compounds and suspended solids. Then, materials were prepared with H2SO4 (18 M) and different mass ratios of glycerol, the resulting products of reaction being calcined at 800 ºC. The material that presented the highest conversion was washed with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), at room temperature and at 60 ºC, and HCl (1 M). The prepared materials were sieved, and the samples obtained were tested in H2O2 decomposition and in the remediation of waters containing one model pollutant with lipophilic character (4-nitrophenol) by catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO). The effluents of the CWPO and H2O2 decomposition runs were analysed in order to quantify the pollutant, oxidant, TOC and the leached iron. In this sense, it was concluded that the materials produced shows activity through the analyses, and the conversions reached had a strong contribution of leached iron. Then, the amount of leached iron could be minimized while maintaining the conversions.