Browsing by Author "Escalante, Ernesto"
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- Avaliação do potencial de produção e utilização sustentável de biomassa para energia no distrito de BragançaPublication . Azevedo, João; Castro, João Paulo; Terelho, Luis; Escalante, Ernesto; Feliciano, ManuelA biomassa é actualmente um recurso energético de grande interesse em termos económicos, sociais e ambientais e é reconhecido que Trás-os-Montes apresenta condições favoráveis para a produção e utilização de biomassa em sistemas de conversão de energia. No entanto, uma avaliação rigorosa da importância deste recurso na região e das possibilidades que oferece para satisfação da procura energética actual ainda se encontra por realizar. Neste trabalho, com base numa análise da oferta de energia potencial da biomassa e da procura energética, são apresentadas propostas para a produção e utilização sustentável de biomassa para energia no Distrito de Bragança. A procura foi avaliada com base em dados actuais de consumo. A oferta foi avaliada com base: i) na produtividade e área florestal actuais, ii) na projecção do crescimento da produtividade e da área florestal a médio prazo, e iii) na instalação de culturas dedicadas de biomassa para energia. Verificou-se que a oferta de biomassa, e correspondente energia, é considerável no Distrito comparativamente com o consumo energético actual. Esta disponibilidade de biomassa permite equacionar a sua utilização directa para obtenção de calor de forma mais eficiente, o que poderá satisfazer completamente as necessidades energéticas dos sectores doméstico e indústria/comércio. Permite ainda perspectivar a sua utilização em sistemas de co-geração a diversas escalas com produção de electricidade para uso local ou venda.
- Biomass yield and carbon sequestration: A potential from Spain’s forests (on central and iberian mountain range systems)Publication . Escalante, Ernesto; Patrício, Maria Sameiro; Bravo, FilipeThe interest on the estimation of forest biomass, regulation of carbon sequestration and nutrient cycling has increased over the past decade. Forest in Spain are important resources of timber and other forest products. Therefore, it is necessary to estimate and to understand the potential role of forests in the mitigation of global warming effects. Up to now, few studies have been conducted to estimate the biomass carbon accumulation of Spanish forest ecosystems. With current data, we developed a forest growth model wich considered the structure variables of forest growth. The main focus of this study is to provide an estimation framework based on growth of Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Aiton) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)stands. We developed a model to estimate woody biomass and carbon sequestration under different ecoregions. Data were analyzed throughout the last decade. As expected, factors related to density and site productivity interacted on woody biomass production of forest stands. Due to these interactions, managers need more tools for forest management, knowledge of different forest structure and practical silvicultural methods.
- Potential forest biomass and energy production at the regional scale: the case of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) in the district of Bragança, Northeastern PortugalPublication . Azevedo, João; Pinto, Miguel Vaz; Escalante, Ernesto; Feliciano, Manuel; Aranha, José; Castro, João PauloBragança is a district of low population density and low energy demand. It has, however, a relatively large forest area. These facts lead to the formulation of the hypothesis that yearly biomass production in the district of Bragança can provide the energy required for some sectors of the economy trough simple and efficient conversion in heat and/or electricity. In this paper we analyzed regional annual biomass yield in maritime pine stands, the most conspicuous forest type in the area, and confronted it with energy demand from the industry, domestic and services sectors. The analysis was performed in a spatially explicit way taking spatial variability of productivity and forest area into account. Biomass was calculated from allometric models based upon inventory data. Biomass energy content was converted into total thermal energy and electricity. Results indicated that biomass is indeed a relevant potential source of energy in the region. Maritime pine alone can annually potentially provide near 49 % of final energy demand in the district of Bragança or 84% of final energy demand of the domestic, industry and services sectors. Also, biomass yield is able to offer 60% of all the electricity demand in the district of Bragança. Carrazeda de Ansiães, Vimioso, Torre de Moncorvo, Freixo de Espada à Cinta, Vinhais e Mogadouro can be self sufficient in this form of energy.