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Tunable physicochemical properties of PDMS@nanoparticle composites: modifications, mechanisms, and emerging applications

2026Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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datacite.subject.fosEngenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia dos Materiais
datacite.subject.fosEngenharia e Tecnologia::Outras Engenharias e Tecnologias
datacite.subject.sdg09:Indústria, Inovação e Infraestruturas
datacite.subject.sdg12:Produção e Consumo Sustentáveis
datacite.subject.sdg04:Educação de Qualidade
dc.contributor.authorCardoso, B.D.
dc.contributor.authorNobrega, Glauco
dc.contributor.authorAfonso, Inês Santos
dc.contributor.authorSouza, Andrews
dc.contributor.authorNeves, Lucas B.
dc.contributor.authorFaria, C.L.
dc.contributor.authorDíaz de Tuesta, Jose Luis
dc.contributor.authorRibeiro, J.E.
dc.contributor.authorLima, Rui A.
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-18T16:52:25Z
dc.date.available2026-02-18T16:52:25Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.description.abstractPolydimethylsiloxane@nanoparticles (PDMS@NPs) composites represent a versatile class of advanced elastomers whose physicochemical behavior can be finely tuned through nanoscale interfacial design and nanofiller morphology. Owing to their inherent flexibility, transparency, and chemical stability, PDMS based systems have emerged as model platforms for developing multifunctional materials with optimized mechanical, thermal, electrical, optical, acoustic and wetting properties. This review systematically elucidates the structure property relationships in PDMS@NPs composites and the interaction mechanisms between NPs and polymer chains that enable tunable control over bulk and interfacial behavior, with particular emphasis on how NPs dimensionality and aspect ratio (0D, 1D, and 2D fillers) regulate stress transfer, transport pathways, and functional interconnectivity within the matrix. Three main NP incorporation strategies, (namely, physical mixing of presynthesized NPs, in situ synthesis on cured PDMS, and in situ formation within uncured matrices) are critically compared in terms of interfacial coupling, dispersion stability, and processing scalability. Particular attention is given to how interfacial engineering, nanofiller morphology, and hierarchical architecture govern stress transfer, phonon transport, charge percolation, and optical or surface responses. In addition, a property design prospective is presented that links interphase design and nanofiller morphology to mechanical, thermal, electrical, optical, acoustic and wetting-controlled surface properties. This review further critically examines the limiting factors that reduce the applicability of PDMS@NPs composites, including performance degradation, interface instability, and limited recyclability, as well as long-term stability under mechanical, thermal, optical, and environmental conditions. Emerging directions such as green filler synthesis, recyclable PDMS matrices, dynamic and hi-erarchical interphases, and predictive modeling of morphology-dependent dynamic interfaces are outlined. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive and critical perspective on PDMS@NPs composites as a next generation of soft, functional, and sustainable elastomeric materials, opening new avenues for advances in flexible electronics, soft robotics, biomedical devices, and adaptive coatings.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors acknowledge the partial financial support of the project 2022.06207.PTDC (https://doi.org/10.54499/2022.06207.PTDC), COMPETE2030-FEDER-00771500 and COMPETE2030-FEDER-00689800 through national funds (OE), within the scope of the Scientific Research and Technological Development Projects (IC&DT) program in all scientific domains (PTDC), through Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT). The authors also acknowledge the partial financial support by national funds through FCT/MECI/MCTES (PIDDAC): MEtRICs, UID/04077/2025; CEFT, UID/00532/2025; CMEMS, UID/04436/2025; CIMO, UID/00690/2025, UID/PRR/00690/2025, SusTEC LA/P/0007/2020 and LA/P/0045/2020. Glauco Nobrega acknowledges the financial support by the doctoral grant PRT/BD/153088/2021 (https://doi.org/10.54499/PRT/BD/153088/2021), financed by FCT, and with funds from MCTES/República Portuguesa, under the MIT Portugal Program. Inês Afonso and Lucas Neves acknowledge the financial support by FCT, of the doctoral grant 2024.05919.BDANA and 2025.00900.BDANA, respectively. Andrews Souza acknowledges financial support from FCT, under grant reference 2021.07961.BD (DOI: https://doi.org/10.54499/2021.07961.BD). J.L. Diaz de Tuesta acknowledges the financial support through the program of Atracción al Talento of Comunidad de Madrid (Spain) and Consolidación Investigadora 2024 of Agencial Estatal de Investigación for the individual research grants 2022-T1/AMB-23946 and CNS2024-154264, respectively.
dc.identifier.citationCardoso, B. D.; Nobrega, Glauco; Afonso, Inês; Santos Souza, Andrews; Neves, Lucas B.; Faria, C. L.; Díaz de Tuesta, Jose Luis.; Ribeiro, J. E.; Lima, Rui A. (2026). Tunable physicochemical properties of PDMS@nanoparticle composites: modifications, mechanisms, and emerging applications. Progress in Materials Science. ISSN 0079-6425. 159, p. 1-58
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.pmatsci.2026.101656
dc.identifier.issn0079-6425
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/35789
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relationMechanical Engineering and Resource Sustainability Center
dc.relationTransport Phenomena Research Center
dc.relationMicroelectromechanical Systems Research Unit
dc.relationMountain Research Center
dc.relationAssociate Laboratory for Sustainability and Tecnology in Mountain Regions
dc.relationALICE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering
dc.relation.ispartofProgress in Materials Science
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.subjectPDMS composites
dc.subjectNanoparticles incorporation
dc.subjectInterfacial engineering
dc.subjectMultifunctional elastomers
dc.subjectNanostructured materials
dc.subjectPDMS applications
dc.titleTunable physicochemical properties of PDMS@nanoparticle composites: modifications, mechanisms, and emerging applicationseng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleMechanical Engineering and Resource Sustainability Center
oaire.awardTitleTransport Phenomena Research Center
oaire.awardTitleMicroelectromechanical Systems Research Unit
oaire.awardTitleMountain Research Center
oaire.awardTitleAssociate Laboratory for Sustainability and Tecnology in Mountain Regions
oaire.awardTitleALICE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering
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oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/LA%2FP%2F0045%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.endPage58
oaire.citation.startPage1
oaire.citation.titleProgress in Materials Science
oaire.citation.volume159
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