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Rainwater Piggy Banks and Green Roofs in School Buildings: Integrated Strategies for Sustainable Water Management

2025Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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datacite.subject.fosEngenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia do Ambiente
datacite.subject.fosCiências Naturais::Ciências Biológicas
datacite.subject.sdg04:Educação de Qualidade
datacite.subject.sdg06:Água Potável e Saneamento
datacite.subject.sdg15:Proteger a Vida Terrestre
dc.contributor.authorChen, Sanlira
dc.contributor.authorGeraldes, Ana Maria
dc.contributor.authorJabur, Andrea
dc.contributor.authorVale, Patricia
dc.contributor.authorMorais, Tiago
dc.contributor.authorSilva, Flora
dc.date.accessioned2026-03-24T09:32:23Z
dc.date.available2026-03-24T09:32:23Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractThis study evaluates integrated water-saving strategies in two school centres (SC1 and SC2) located in Bragança, Portugal, combining rainwater harvesting systems (RWHS), green roofs (GR), and the replacement of conventional taps with high-efficiency models. Water consumption patterns were analysed, and nine scenarios were simulated to assess their feasibility and economic performance. Scenario 1, which focuses on replacing conventional taps, achieved the highest short-term cost-effectiveness, reducing potable water consumption by approximately 30% and providing a payback period of about one year. Scenario 3, integrating RWHS into conventional roofs with efficient taps, demonstrated the greatest overall benefits, reducing potable water demand by up to 60% and generating annual savings exceeding €7000 + VAT, with payback periods of eight years for SC1 and seven years for SC2. In contrast, scenarios involving extensive GR significantly reduced stormwater runoff but required higher investments and presented longer payback periods, ranging from 17 to 42 years. Overall, the results indicate that combining low-cost efficiency measures with RWHS maximises potable water savings and supports sustainable water management, while GR implementation should be considered selectively, particularly when broader ecological and thermal benefits are prioritised.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipA.M.A.-G. is grateful to the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) for financial support by national funds FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC) to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020 and UIDP/00690/2020), SusTEC (LA/P/0007/2020). F.S. was supported by national funds: UID/06213/2025—Research Group in Sustainable Construction. The authors are also thankful to Bragança Municipality for providing information concerning to water consumption concerning the scholar centres
dc.identifier.citationChen, Sanlira; Geraldes, Ana Maria; Jabur, Andrea; Vale, Patricia; Morais, Tiago; Silva, Flora (2025). Rainwater Piggy Banks and Green Roofs in School Buildings: Integrated Strategies for Sustainable Water Management. ISSN 2076-3417. 15:22, p. 1-14
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/app152211870
dc.identifier.issn2076-3417
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/36240
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relationMountain Research Center
dc.relationMountain Research Center
dc.relationAssociate Laboratory for Sustainability and Tecnology in Mountain Regions
dc.relationResearch Group in Sustainable Construction
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectWater efficiency
dc.subjectRainwater harvesting
dc.subjectGreen roofs
dc.subjectSchool buildings
dc.subjectSustainability
dc.titleRainwater Piggy Banks and Green Roofs in School Buildings: Integrated Strategies for Sustainable Water Managementeng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardNumberUIDB/00690/2020
oaire.awardNumberUIDP/00690/2020
oaire.awardNumberLA/P/0007/2020
oaire.awardTitleMountain Research Center
oaire.awardTitleMountain Research Center
oaire.awardTitleAssociate Laboratory for Sustainability and Tecnology in Mountain Regions
oaire.awardTitleResearch Group in Sustainable Construction
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F00690%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDP%2F00690%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/LA%2FP%2F0007%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIhttps://doi.org/10.54499/UID/06213/2025
oaire.citation.endPage14
oaire.citation.issue22
oaire.citation.startPage1
oaire.citation.titleApplied Sciences
oaire.citation.volume15
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameGeraldes
person.familyNameSilva
person.givenNameAna Maria
person.givenNameFlora
person.identifier.ciencia-id7D13-2CED-D6C5
person.identifier.ciencia-idC414-C558-D837
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-4966-2227
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-6701-7390
person.identifier.ridJ-8566-2014
person.identifier.scopus-author-id57204313331
person.identifier.scopus-author-id56447878600
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
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