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Looking for the optimal harvest time of red grapes with an enzymatic electrochemical multisensory system

2025Journal article Restricted access
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dc.contributor.authorGarcia-Hernandez, Celia
dc.contributor.authorPerez-Gonzalez, Clara
dc.contributor.authorMartin-Pedrosa, Fernando
dc.contributor.authorDias, L.G.
dc.contributor.authorBarajas-Tola, E.
dc.contributor.authorRodriguez-Mendez, M.L.
dc.contributor.authorGarcia-Cabezon, Cristina
dc.date.accessioned2024-12-11T17:32:25Z
dc.date.available2024-12-11T17:32:25Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractThe timing of the grape harvest is a critical decision for winemakers, as it greatly impacts the quality and organoleptic characteristics of the resulting red wines. One key indicator for determining the optimal harvest time is the phenolic content of the grapes. As the berries ripen, phenolic compounds in the grape skin cells migrate from the seeds to the pulp and finally to the skin. However, monitoring these phenolic changes, particularly in the seeds, presents a challenge. This research addresses this problem by developing a novel technique to track the phenolic composition of seeds during ripening. The objective is to provide a reliable method for winemakers to monitor the phenolic evolution and improve harvest decision-making. In this study, a multisensory system consisting of four electrochemical enzymatic carbon paste sensors, modified with tyrosinase and electrocatalytic materials (AuNPs, lutetium phthalocyanine, and nickel oxide nanoparticles), was employed to analyze the phenolic content in grape seed extracts. The system monitored weekly changes in the phenolic composition of the seeds from three red grape varieties—Cabernet Sauvignon, Tempranillo, and Prieto Picudo—during their ripening from veraison to being overripe. Using voltammetric techniques, the electrochemical responses were characterized by shifts in peak positions and intensity changes, reflecting the oxidation/reduction of phenols. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) demonstrated the ability of the array of sensors to discriminate phenolic changes across ripening stages, while Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression provided robust correlation models between the electrochemical responses and seed phenolic content, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.93 to 0.99. The developed methodology successfully tracked phenolic changes, offering a promising tool for monitoring grape seed maturation and assisting in determining the optimal harvest time.pt_PT
dc.description.sponsorshipWe are grateful for the MINECO-FEDER Plan Nacional’s (PID2021-122365OB-100) financial assistance. Junta de Castilla y Leon- FEDER VA202P20. BIOECOUVA-CLU-2019-04 and «Infraestructuras Red de Castilla y Léon (INFRARED) » UVA01. Interreg programme Espana- Portugal (POCTEP) grant: 0039_MINORSENS_2_E.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationGarcia-Hernandez; C.; Perez-Gonzalez; C.; Martin-Pedrosa; F.; Dias; L.G.; Barajas-Tola; E.; Rodriguez-Mendez; M.L.; Garcia-Cabezon; C. (2025). Looking for the optimal harvest time of red grapes with an enzymatic electrochemical multisensory system. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research. ISSN 2666-1543. 19, p. 1-11pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.jafr.2024.101554pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn2666-1543
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/30721
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherElsevierpt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectCPEpt_PT
dc.subjectGold nanoparticlespt_PT
dc.subjectMetal oxide nanoparticlespt_PT
dc.subjectPhthalocyaninept_PT
dc.subjectPhenolic maturitypt_PT
dc.subjectGrape ripeningpt_PT
dc.titleLooking for the optimal harvest time of red grapes with an enzymatic electrochemical multisensory systempt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.titleJournal of Agriculture and Food Researchpt_PT
oaire.citation.volume19pt_PT
person.familyNameDias
person.givenNameLuís G.
person.identifier.ciencia-id2F11-9092-FAAF
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-1210-4259
person.identifier.scopus-author-id23569169900
rcaap.rightsrestrictedAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationeac8c166-4056-4ed0-8d8d-7ecb2c4481a5
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryeac8c166-4056-4ed0-8d8d-7ecb2c4481a5

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