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Conservation status of the honey bee subspecies native to the Mediterranean islands

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datacite.subject.fosCiências Naturais::Ciências da Terra e do Ambiente
datacite.subject.fosCiências Agrárias::Biotecnologia Agrária e Alimentar
datacite.subject.sdg04:Educação de Qualidade
datacite.subject.sdg13:Ação Climática
datacite.subject.sdg15:Proteger a Vida Terrestre
dc.contributor.authorHenriques, Dora
dc.contributor.authorYadró Garcia, Carlos A.
dc.contributor.authorYadró García, Carlos A.
dc.contributor.authorMangion, Marion Zammit
dc.contributor.authorGalea, Thomas
dc.contributor.authorCilia, Giovannni
dc.contributor.authorNanetti, Antonio
dc.contributor.authorMuz, Mustafa Necati
dc.contributor.authorMuz, Dilek
dc.contributor.authorVarnava, Andri
dc.contributor.authorHatjina, Fani
dc.contributor.authorCharistos, Leonidas
dc.contributor.authorRufino, José
dc.contributor.authorMartín Hernández, Raquel
dc.contributor.authorPinto, M. Alice
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-11T15:55:20Z
dc.date.available2026-02-11T15:55:20Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractThe Mediterranean islands have been a stage for honey bee diversification, hosting four of the 31 recognized subspecies: Apis mellifera siciliana in Sicily, A. m. ruttneri in Malta, A. m. cypria in Cyprus, and A. m. adami in Crete. However, owing to small population sizes, island subspecies are particularly vulnerable to introgressive hybridization when exotic queens or colonies are introduced into their geographically isolated territories. While previous genetic surveys—typically based on mitochondrial and/or microsatellite markers—have provided valuable insights, the current conservation status of these subspecies remains uncertain. Here, we sequenced the whole genomes of 327 samples collected from Sicily (n=97), Malta (n=79), Cyprus (n=37), and Crete (n=36), along with probable source populations (A. m. intermissa, A. m. sahariensis, A. m. media, A. m. anatoliaca, A. m. macedonica, A. m. cecropia, A. m. ligustica, A. m. carnica, A. m. caucasia), to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the ancestry and diversity patterns of these insular subspecies. Whole-genome data were analysed using the software Admixture and additional analytical tools to explore ancestry and introgression patterns. For A. m. siciliana, 32 out of 97 samples (32.99%) exhibited high purity levels based on a threshold of 0.9. The situation in Malta was more concerning, with only 11 out of 79 samples (13.92%) classified as pure A. m. ruttneri. The most severe admixture was observed in Crete, where just 2 out of 36 samples (5.56%) were identified as pure A. m. adami, highlighting extensive hybridization with mainland subspecies. Meanwhile, A. m. cypria appears to be the best-preserved Mediterranean subspecies, with genetic integrity largely maintained except in the northwestern population, which exhibited shared ancestry with mainland A. m. anatoliaca. Overall, our findings highlight the urgent need for conservation efforts across these islands. While the native subspecies remain threatened by hybridization, their preservation might still be possible, provided that further importations of non-native colonies are effectively prevented.eng
dc.identifier.citationHenriques, Dora; Yadró García, Carlos A.; Mangion, Marion Zammit; Galea, Thomas; Cilia, Giovannni; Nanetti, Antonio; Muz, Mustafa Necati; Muz, Dilek; Varnava, Andri; Hatjina, Fani; Charistos, Leonidas; Rufino, José; Martín Hernández, Raquel; Pinto, M. Alice (2025). Conservation status of the honey bee subspecies native to the Mediterranean islands. Apimondia 2025. p. 61
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/35716
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectApis mellifera siciliana
dc.titleConservation status of the honey bee subspecies native to the Mediterranean islandseng
dc.typeconference object
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.conferenceDate2025
oaire.citation.conferencePlaceCopenhagen, Denmark
oaire.citation.startPage61
oaire.citation.titleApimondia 2025
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameHenriques
person.familyNameYadró Garcia
person.familyNameRufino
person.familyNamePinto
person.givenNameDora
person.givenNameCarlos A.
person.givenNameJosé
person.givenNameM. Alice
person.identifier.ciencia-id291F-986F-07DA
person.identifier.ciencia-idF71F-B08E-EC39
person.identifier.ciencia-idC414-F47F-6323
person.identifier.ciencia-idF814-A1D0-8318
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-7530-682X
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-6916-3647
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-1344-8264
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-9663-8399
person.identifier.scopus-author-id55761737300
person.identifier.scopus-author-id55947199100
person.identifier.scopus-author-id8085507800
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationd2abd09f-a90c-4cfb-9a60-7fc32f56184d
relation.isAuthorOfPublication59212a6c-fc6a-45fd-b37a-51e90926c9e3
relation.isAuthorOfPublication1e24d2ce-a354-442a-bef8-eebadd94b385
relation.isAuthorOfPublication0667fe04-7078-483d-9198-56d167b19bc5
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryd2abd09f-a90c-4cfb-9a60-7fc32f56184d

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