A carregar...
Publicação
A SNP assay for assessing diversity in immune genes in the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.)
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
With a growing number of parasites and pathogens experiencing large-scale range expansions,
monitoring diversity in immune genes of host populations has never been so important because
it can inform on the adaptive potential to resist the invaders. Population surveys of immune genes
are becoming common in many organisms, yet they are missing in the honey bee (Apis mellifera
L.), a key-stone species that has been severely affected by biological invasions. To fill the gap,
here we identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in honey bee immune genes and then
developed an assay to be genotyped using the high-sample-throughput iPLEX MassARRAY system
that can be readily used for population surveys. The assay was constructed using SNPs detected
in whole-genome scans of 123 individuals originating from a wide geographical area, representing
seven A. mellifera subspecies and three evolutionary lineages (M-Western European, C- Eastern
European, A- African). In this dataset, a total of 35,782 SNPs distributed through 180 genes were
found. Only polymorphic SNPs (MAF>0.05) SNPs located in putatively functional regions were
retained. Other filtering criteria inked to the MassARRAY® MALDI-TOF genotyping system were
used and an assay with 107 SNPs was obtained. A total of 16 SNPs were discarded either due to
inconsistent calls and/or misidentification of heterozygous positions. The final assay contains 91
quality-proved functional SNPs covering 89 innate immune genes. The 89 genes belong to several
families and pathways, such as IMD, JAK-STAT, Toll and RNAi. This gene set also includes genes
that have been found to be expressed in honey bees infected with the viruses SINV, IAPV, DWV
and Nosema spp. This medium-density-SNP assay was applied to 156 samples from four countries
(Portugal, Spain, France and Israel) and the admixture analysis clustered the samples according
to their lineage and subspecies, suggesting that the immune SNPs can be also used to reconstruct
population structure. This newly-developed SNP assay can be applied to monitoring diversity in
immune genes, identifying the genetic basis of disease susceptibility, and even inferring genetic
structure.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
SNP Apis mellifera Conservation Immune genes
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Henriques, Dora; Lopes, Ana; Chejanovsky, Nor; Dalmon, Anne; Higes, Mariano; Jabal-Uriel, Clara; Le Conte, Yves; Reyes-Carreno, Maritza; Soroker, Victoria; Martin- Hernandez, Raquel; Pinto, M. Alice (2021). A SNP assay for assessing diversity in immune genes in the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.). In Research Network for Sustainable Bee Breeding. Online
Editora
Universitas Arhusiensis