Tuberculosis: integrated studies for a complex disease 2050

Tuberculosis (TB) has been a disease for centuries with various challenges [1]. Like other places where challenges and opportunities come together, TB challenges were the inspiration for the scientific community to mobilize different groups for the purpose of interest. For example, with the emergence of drug resistance, there has been a huge volume of research on the discovery of new medicines and drug delivery methods and the repurposing of old drugs [2, 3]. Moreover, to enhance the capacity to detect TB cases, studies have sought diagnostics and biomarkers, with much hope recently expressed in the direction of point-of-care tests [4]. Despite all such efforts as being highlighted in 50 Chapters of this volume, we are still writing about TB and thinking about how to fight this old disease–implying that the problem of TB might be complex, so calling the need for an integrated science to deal with multiple dimensions in a simultaneous and effective manner. We are not the first one; there have been proposed integrated platform for TB research, integrated prevention services, integrated models for drug screening, integrated imaging protocol, integrated understanding of the disease pathogenesis, integrated control models, integrated mapping of the genome of the pathogen, etc. [5–12], to name some. These integrated jobs date back decades ago. So, a question arises: why is there a disease named TB yet? It might be due to the fact that this integration has happened to a scale that is not global, and so TB remains to be a problem, especially in resource-limited settings. Hope Tuberculosis: Integrated Studies for a Complex Disease helps to globalize the integrated science of TB.

Keywords

Tuberculosis 2050

URI

http://hdl.handle.net/10198/28822

Citation

Rezaei, Nima; Hosseini, Nastaran-Sadat; Saghazadeh, Amene; Fateh, Abolfazl; Duse, Adriano; Ahmad, Aijaz; Braley, Alexander E.; Tahta, Alican; Kamboj, Alisha; Khan, Amer Hayat; Coelho, Ana Cláudia; Fuso, Andrea; Varón, Andrés; Trajman, Anete; Saxena, Anil Kumar; Ganeshpurkar, Ankit; Casapao, Anthony M.; Tkachenko, Anton; Devnikar, Anushka V.; Moshiri, Arfa; Muñoz-Barrutia, Arrate; Dasgupta, Arunava; Natarajan, Arvind; Gupta, Ashish; Coyne, Ashlan J. Kunz; Jordan, Ashly E.; Kumar, Ashok; Ergeshov, Atadzhan; Pourakbari, Babak; Joshi, Basant; Chavarro-Portillo, Bibiana; Soto, Carlos Y.; Kanipe, Carly; Schmidt, Christiane Mello; Cox, Christophe; Gómez-Cruz, Clara; Cardoso, Claudete Aparecida Araújo; Sant´Anna, Clemax Couto; Johnson, Courtney; Rodríguez-Silva, Cristhian N.; Rosales, Cristian; Licona-Cassani, Cuauhtémoc; Fast, Cynthia D.; Pérez-Martínez, Damián; Pizzol, Damiano; Perlman, David C.; Philips, Dennis; Viveros, Diana; Fisher, Dina A.; Butov, Dmytro; Egelund, Eric F.; Igartua, Everest de; Bhatt, Garima; Mgode, Georgies; Quaglio, Gianluca; Putoto, Giovanni; Mini, G. K.; Thomas-Richardson, Govind; Wylie, Greg; Fernandes, Guilherme Felipe dos Santos; Bermúdez, Gustavo; Quintas, Helder; Verma, Himanshu; Eoh, Hyungjin; Putera, Ikhwanuliman; Sivokozov, Ilya; Pires, Isabel; Lee, Jae Jin; Lombard, Jason E.; Santos, Jean Leandro dos; Zellweger, Jean-Pierre; Thomas-Richardson, Jenu; Lordson, Jinbert; Prates, João Lucas; Cervantes, Jorge; Porcel, José M.; Vaquero, Juan José; Prada, Justina; Kamboj, Kamal; Tabbara, Khalid F.; Mussie, Kirubel Manyazewal; Patel, Krupesh; Porcel, Laura; Fiebig, Lena; Mohan, Malu; Yadav, Mange Ram; López-R, Marcela; Correia-Neves, Margarida; Fontes, Maria da Conceição; Sant´Anna, Maria de Fátima Pombo Bazhuni; Cañadas-Ortega, Marina; Singh, Meenakshi; Lause, Michael; Maya-Hoyos, Milena; Omrani, Mir Davood; Palmer, Mitchell V.; Ahmad, Mohammad Naiyaz; Seid, Mohammed Assen; Chauhan, Monica; Saxena, Mridula; Marimani, Musa; Srinivas, Nanduri; Beyene, Negussie; Arenas, Nelson E.; Cardoso, Nicole; Oliveira, Olena; Silakari, Om; Inlamea, Osvaldo; Tanrıverdi, Özgür; Boggiatto, Paola M.; Santos, Paola; Mejía-Ponce, Paulina; Soares, Pedro; Sell, Philip; Murumkar, Prashant R.; Devanandan, Praveen; Zheng, Qi; Lim, Rachel K.; Aurílio, Rafaela Baroni; Ghuge, Rahul B.; Barot, Rahul R.; Rahul; Puvvada, Ranadheer Chowdary; Duarte, Raquel; Singh, Ravi; Sinha, Richa; Nora, Rina La Distia; Burny, Robert; Zenteno-Cuevas, Roberto; Mali, Sagar; Shoughy, Samir S.; Tarashi, Samira; Mishra, Sapna; Malasala, Satyaveni; Mamishi, Setareh; Siadat, Seyed Davar; Choudhary, Shalki; Mahmoudi, Shima; Chopra, Sidharth; Nandi, Sisir; Faisal, Sobia; Goel, Sonu; Huszár, Stanislav; Field, Stephen K.; Singh, Sushil Kumar; Rito, Teresa; Butova, Tetiana; Manning, Thomas; Werf, Tjip S. van der; Myasoedov, Valeriy; Vásquez, Vanessa; Muthukumar, Vijey Aanandhi; Singh, Vinayak; Hall, Walter A.; Hikmahwati, Wandya; Turgut, Yaşar Barış; Thaker, Yatri; Kawabata, Yoshinori; Reus, Yvette A. de (2023). Tuberculosis: integrated studies for a complex disease 2050. In Tuberculosis. Integrated Studies for a Complex Disease. Cham: Springer Nature. p. 1063-1098. ISBN 978-3-031-15954-1