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A Critical Review of Emerging Solutions for Food Packaging: Opportunities and Challenges

2026Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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datacite.subject.fosEngenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia dos Materiais
datacite.subject.fosEngenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia Química
datacite.subject.fosEngenharia e Tecnologia::Outras Engenharias e Tecnologias
datacite.subject.sdg09:Indústria, Inovação e Infraestruturas
datacite.subject.sdg12:Produção e Consumo Sustentáveis
datacite.subject.sdg04:Educação de Qualidade
dc.contributor.authorMartins, Joana
dc.contributor.authorGarcia, Juliana
dc.contributor.authorGuimarães, Rafaela
dc.contributor.authorGouvinhas, Irene
dc.contributor.authorAlves, Maria José
dc.contributor.authorSaavedra, Maria José
dc.date.accessioned2026-03-20T16:51:33Z
dc.date.available2026-03-20T16:51:33Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.description.abstractThe environmental impact of conventional plastics has driven a shift toward biobased food packaging, shaped by consumer expectations, market trends, and regulatory policies within the European Union (EU). Despite extensive research on biopolymers such as starch, cellulose, chitosan, and polylactic acid (PLA), their use in commercial food packaging remains limited. A major challenge identified in the literature is the evaluation of biopolymer performance, in which environmental benefits are often considered independently of mechanical, barrier, and economic factors. This review addresses this gap by critically exploring the functional performance of biopolymers regarding their chemical structure and processing methods, with particular emphasis on the role of bioactive compounds in enhancing these materials’ properties. Although several biopolymers can achieve tensile strength values comparable to conventional petroleum-based plastics, their higher water vapor transmission rates remain an unsolved barrier to scalability. These limitations, together with challenges related to mechanical performance and production costs, are discussed to clarify their impact on industrial feasibility and to identify priorities for future research supporting scalable, cost-effective, and regulatory-compliant food packaging solutions.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work is supported by National Funds by FCT–Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, under the projects FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC): CIMO, UIDB/00690/2020 (https://doi.org/10.54499/UIDB/00690/2020) and UIDP/00690/2020 (https://doi.org/10.54499/UIDP/00690/2020); SusTEC, LA/P/0007/2020 (https://doi.org/10.54499/LA/P/0007/2020) Portugal; CECAV UID/00772/2025 (https://doi.org/10.54499/UID/00772/2025) and LA/P/0059/2020, CITAB, UID/04033/2025 and LA/P/0126/2020 (https://doi.org/10.54499/LA/P/0126/2020), and LiveWell, UID/6157/2025.
dc.identifier.citationMartins, Joana C. L.; Garcia, Juliana; Guimarães, Rafaela; Gouvinha, Irene; Alves, Maria José; Saavedra, Maria José (2026). A Critical Review of Emerging Solutions for Food Packaging: Opportunities and Challenges. Foods. ISSN 2304-8158. 15:5, p. 1-29
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/foods15050920
dc.identifier.issn2304-8158
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/36182
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relationMountain Research Center - UIDP/00690/2020
dc.relationMountain Research Center - UIDB/00690/2020
dc.relationAssociate Laboratory for Sustainability and Tecnology in Mountain Regions - LA/P/0007/2020
dc.relationCECAV - Veterinary and Animal Science Research Center
dc.relationAssociate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences
dc.relationCentre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences
dc.relationCITAB - Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences
dc.relationLiveWell
dc.relation.ispartofFoods
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.subjectFood packaging
dc.subjectActive packaging
dc.subjectBiopolymers
dc.subjectBioactive compounds
dc.subjectSustainability
dc.titleA Critical Review of Emerging Solutions for Food Packaging: Opportunities and Challengeseng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardNumberUIDP/00690/2020
oaire.awardNumberUIDB/00690/2020
oaire.awardNumberLA/P/0007/2020
oaire.awardNumberLA/P/0059/2020
oaire.awardNumberUID/AGR/04033/2019
oaire.awardTitleMountain Research Center - UIDP/00690/2020
oaire.awardTitleMountain Research Center - UIDB/00690/2020
oaire.awardTitleAssociate Laboratory for Sustainability and Tecnology in Mountain Regions - LA/P/0007/2020
oaire.awardTitleCECAV - Veterinary and Animal Science Research Center
oaire.awardTitleAssociate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences
oaire.awardTitleCentre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences
oaire.awardTitleCITAB - Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences
oaire.awardTitleLiveWell
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDP%2F00690%2F2020/PT
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oaire.awardURIhttps://www.utad.pt/centro-de-ciencia-animal-e-veterinaria-cecav/
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/LA%2FP%2F0059%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UID%2FAGR%2F04033%2F2019/PT
oaire.awardURIhttps://www.citab.utad.pt/projects/overview
oaire.awardURIhttps://livewell.ipb.pt
oaire.citation.endPage29
oaire.citation.issue5
oaire.citation.startPage1
oaire.citation.titleFoods
oaire.citation.volume15
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
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oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameMartins
person.familyNameGarcia
person.familyNameAlves
person.givenNameJoana
person.givenNameJuliana
person.givenNameMaria José
person.identifier.ciencia-idD618-B3A9-D312
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-5840-090X
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-3435-577X
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-8506-4393
person.identifier.ridM-6624-2016
person.identifier.scopus-author-id16400584800
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