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Removal of metformin from aquatic matrices using cork-based adsorbents

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datacite.subject.fosCiências Médicas::Biotecnologia Médica
datacite.subject.sdg03:Saúde de Qualidade
dc.contributor.authorMorizaki, Gabrielle Tokawa
dc.contributor.authorGomes, Maria Carolina Sérgi
dc.contributor.authorQueiroz, Ana
dc.contributor.authorBrito, Paulo
dc.contributor.authorRibeiro, António E.
dc.date.accessioned2026-03-10T16:55:12Z
dc.date.available2026-03-10T16:55:12Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractMetformin is considered an emerging micropollutant, belonging to the pharmaceutical class, and is widely used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Due to its incomplete metabolism and extensive prescription for chronic disease management, it has been frequently detected in aquatic environments. Even at trace concentrations, it may cause endocrine disruptions in aquatic biota and lead to the formation of toxic byproducts during water treatment.1,2 In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of metformin removal from aqueous matrices through the adsorption process, using activated carbons produced from cork residues. The methodology involved the preparation of the adsorbents via physical activation (CF) and chemical activation using potassium hydroxide (KOH) (CQ), followed by characterization in terms of carbonization yield, moisture and ash content, point of zero charge (pHPZC), presence of acidic and basic surface functional groups, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Metformin quantification was carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). Studies on drug removal, adsorption kinetics, activation energy estimation, and evaluation of operational parameters influencing the process, such as adsorbent dosage, pH, and initial metformin concentration, were conducted. The results demonstrated that the type of activation applied to each carbon significantly influenced the physicochemical properties of the materials, as well as their adsorption performance. According to the kinetic studies, adsorption equilibrium was reached within the first minutes for CQ, while for CF it was more gradual. In equilibrium studies, the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models were applied. For CF, both models showed a good fit, with a predominance of the Freundlich model, indicating a slightly heterogeneous surface and favorable adsorption. For CQ, the Langmuir model provided a better fit, with a high maximum adsorption capacity, suggesting monolayer adsorption on a more homogeneous surface.3,4 From the study carried out, the activated carbons produced from cork residues demonstrated high performance as promising materials for the removal of metformin in aqueous media, particularly those obtained through chemical activation, achieving a removal efficiency of approximately 99.0% under optimized alkaline pH conditions (pH 11). The use of this residue as a raw material highlights the potential of renewable-origin adsorbents in water treatment processes, contributing to the valorization of an abundant by-product in Portugal and to the development of more environmentally sustainable solutions, in line with the principles of a circular economy.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported by national funds through FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC): UIDB/00690/2020 (DOI:10.54499/UIDB/00690/2020) and UIDP/00690/2020 (DOI: 10.54499/UIDP/00690/2020); and SusTEC, LA/P/0007/2020 (DOI: 10.54499/LA/P/0007/2020).
dc.identifier.citationMorizaki, Gabrielle Tokawa; Gomes, Maria Carolina Sérgi; Queiroz, Ana; Brito, Paulo; Ribeiro, António E. (2025). Removal of metformin from aquatic matrices using cork-based adsorbents. In XXIX Encontro Nacional da Sociedade Portuguesa de Química: Book of Abstracts. Coimbra
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/36013
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherSociedade Portuguesa de Química
dc.relationMountain Research Center
dc.relationMountain Research Center
dc.relationAssociate Laboratory for Sustainability and Tecnology in Mountain Regions
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectMetformin
dc.titleRemoval of metformin from aquatic matrices using cork-based adsorbentseng
dc.typeconference paper
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardNumberUIDB/00690/2020
oaire.awardNumberUIDP/00690/2020
oaire.awardNumberLA/P/0007/2020
oaire.awardTitleMountain Research Center
oaire.awardTitleMountain Research Center
oaire.awardTitleAssociate Laboratory for Sustainability and Tecnology in Mountain Regions
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F00690%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDP%2F00690%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/LA%2FP%2F0007%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.conferenceDate2025
oaire.citation.conferencePlaceCoimbra
oaire.citation.endPage96
oaire.citation.startPage96
oaire.citation.titleXXIX Encontro Nacional da Sociedade Portuguesa de Química
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameQueiroz
person.familyNameBrito
person.familyNameRibeiro
person.givenNameAna
person.givenNamePaulo
person.givenNameAntónio E.
person.identifier.ciencia-id2611-D40C-3472
person.identifier.ciencia-idA31A-D845-A6E2
person.identifier.ciencia-id3211-D5B0-870D
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-4761-0618
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-1805-0252
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-4569-7887
person.identifier.ridO-8367-2015
person.identifier.scopus-author-id31168231800
person.identifier.scopus-author-id23390701300
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
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