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Effect of Foliar Application of Nitrogen-Fixing Microorganisms and Algae Extracts on Nutritional Status and Yield of Hazelnut and Walnut Trees

2025Journal article Open access
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datacite.subject.fosCiências Agrárias::Agricultura, Silvicultura e Pescas
datacite.subject.sdg04:Educação de Qualidade
datacite.subject.sdg13:Ação Climática
dc.contributor.authorArrobas, Margarida
dc.contributor.authorRoque, João
dc.contributor.authorMartins, Sandra
dc.contributor.authorBrito, Cátia
dc.contributor.authorCorreia, Carlos M.
dc.contributor.authorRodrigues, Manuel Ângelo
dc.date.accessioned2025-04-08T10:32:07Z
dc.date.available2025-04-08T10:32:07Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractThis study presents the results of two on-farm trials evaluating the efficacy of a nitrogen (N)-fixing inoculant (Methylobacterium symbioticum) applied as a foliar spray to provide N to hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) and walnut (Juglans regia L.) trees. In the hazelnut trial, a factorial design was employed with soil N application at three levels [0 (N0), 40 (N40), and 80 (N80) kg ha−1] and foliar application of the inoculant (Yes and No). The walnut trial was arranged as a completely randomized design with three treatments: the N-fixing microorganism, a seaweed extract, and a control. Soil N application significantly increased hazelnut yield in 2021 (1.99, 2.49, and 2.65 t ha−1 for N0, N40, and N80, respectively) but not in 2022 (average values ranging from 0.28 to 0.33 t ha−1). The inoculant application did not significantly affect hazelnut yield. In the walnut trial, no significant differences were observed among the treatments in either year. The average yields ranged from 1.72 to 2.38 t ha−1 in 2021 and 0.66 to 0.84 t ha−1 in 2022. Soil N application in hazelnuts tended to increase leaf N concentration and significantly increased kernel N concentration. The inoculant increased leaf N concentration in one of the three sampling dates but did not affect kernel N concentration. In walnuts, the inoculant did not increase leaf N concentration but significantly increased kernel N concentration in one of the two years. The seaweed extract did not influence walnut yield or leaf N concentration. None of the treatments in either trial consistently affected the concentration of other macronutrients and micronutrients in the leaves. Therefore, while the inoculant showed some potential to improve the N nutritional status of the trees, it did not affect the yield. Overall, the results of the inoculant application were not sufficiently compelling, indicating the need for further studies on these species before the commercial product can be confidently recommended to farmers.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors are grateful to the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) for financial support from national funds FCT/MCTES to CIMO (UIDB/AGR/00690/2020), SusTEC (LA/P/0007/2020), and CITAB (UIDB/04033/2020)
dc.identifier.citationArrobas, Margarida; Roque, João; Martins, Sandra; Brito, Cátia; Correia, Carlos Manuel; Rodrigues, Manuel Ângelo (2025). Effect of Foliar Application of Nitrogen-Fixing Microorganisms and Algae Extracts on Nutritional Status and Yield of Hazelnut and Walnut Trees. Nitrogen. ISSN 2504-3129. 6:1, p. 1-18
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/nitrogen6010002
dc.identifier.issn2504-3129
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/34413
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relationAssociate Laboratory for Sustainability and Tecnology in Mountain Regions
dc.relationMountain Research Center
dc.relationCentre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences
dc.relation.ispartofNitrogen
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectMethylobacterium symbioticum
dc.subjectPlant biostimulant
dc.subjectBiological nitrogen fixation
dc.subjectJuglans regia
dc.subjectCorylus avellana
dc.subjectPlant nutritional status
dc.subjectNut yield
dc.titleEffect of Foliar Application of Nitrogen-Fixing Microorganisms and Algae Extracts on Nutritional Status and Yield of Hazelnut and Walnut Treeseng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleAssociate Laboratory for Sustainability and Tecnology in Mountain Regions
oaire.awardTitleMountain Research Center
oaire.awardTitleCentre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/LA%2FP%2F0007%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDP%2F00690%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDP%2F04033%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.endPage18
oaire.citation.issue1
oaire.citation.startPage1
oaire.citation.titleNitrogen
oaire.citation.volume6
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameArrobas
person.familyNameRodrigues
person.givenNameMargarida
person.givenNameManuel Ângelo
person.identifier.ciencia-id971C-B85B-1EC0
person.identifier.ciencia-id371D-DF0D-8D68
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-4652-485X
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-5367-1129
person.identifier.ridO-1721-2016
person.identifier.scopus-author-id8575728800
person.identifier.scopus-author-id35270106800
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationd057ae6b-331c-4980-967d-0ce4fe1bcf8a
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