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Evolution of inclusive education policies in Portugal

2025Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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datacite.subject.fosHumanidades
datacite.subject.sdg04:Educação de Qualidade
datacite.subject.sdg10:Reduzir as Desigualdades
dc.contributor.authorCardim, Sofia
dc.contributor.authorFernandes, Ana Maia
dc.date.accessioned2026-03-30T14:54:48Z
dc.date.available2026-03-30T14:54:48Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractInclusive education in Portugal has undergone significant transformation over recent decades, driven byshifts in social, political, and legal frameworks that reflect a growing commitment to human rights and equalaccess to education. The movement from a historically segregated model to an integrated approa ch, catalysed by the Salamanca Declaration of 1994, has been pivotal in shaping contemporary educational practices. This study analyses how Portuguese policies on special needs education have evolved from the 1970s to the present and examines their impleme ntation in practice in compulsory education. The primary objectives are to analyse the impact of key legislative changes, particularly Decree Law 3/2008 and Decree Law 54/2018, on the inclusivity of the education system and to assess how these policies hav e been operationalized in schools. The findings reveal that while significant progress has been made in integrating students with special needs into mainstream education, challenges remain in achieving uniform implementation and in ensuring that all educat ional professionals are adequately prepared to support diverse learning needs. The shift towards a more flexible and personalized educational approach, as mandated by recent legislation and inspired by the Salamanca principles, marks a crucial step towards a more inclusive education system.por
dc.identifier.citationSofia, Cardim; Fernandes, Ana Maia (2025). Evolution of inclusive education policies in Portugal. Education in the 21st Century. ISSN 2579-2792. 6:2,. p.182-191. DOI: 10.46991/educ-21st-century.v6.i12.182
dc.identifier.doi10.46991/educ-21st-century.v6.i12.182
dc.identifier.issn2579-2792
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/36394
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherYerevan State University Publishing House
dc.relation.hasversionhttps://journals.ysu.am/index.php/Educ-21st-Century/en/article/view/12459
dc.relation.ispartofseriesEducation in Foreign Countries
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectSpecial education
dc.subjectInclusive education
dc.subjectPortugal
dc.subjectSalamanca Declaration
dc.subjectDecree-Law 3/2008
dc.subjectDecree-Law 54/2018
dc.subjectParadigms
dc.subjectChange
dc.subjectInclusion
dc.subjectEquity
dc.titleEvolution of inclusive education policies in Portugalpor
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage191
oaire.citation.issue2
oaire.citation.startPage182
oaire.citation.titleEducation in the 21st Century
oaire.citation.volume6
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameCardim
person.givenNameSofia
person.identifier.ciencia-id671A-C409-26B3
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-7506-5111
person.identifier.ridHPG-9403-2023
person.identifier.scopus-author-id57202945821
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationcd103df1-5eae-40c0-8560-15f035949f95
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoverycd103df1-5eae-40c0-8560-15f035949f95

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