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Development of natural sporopollenin microcapsules: from bee pollen to versatile biomaterials

2025Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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datacite.subject.fosCiências Agrárias::Agricultura, Silvicultura e Pescas
datacite.subject.fosCiências Médicas::Biotecnologia Médica
datacite.subject.sdg03:Saúde de Qualidade
dc.contributor.authorAylanc, Volkan
dc.contributor.authorErtosun, Seymanur
dc.contributor.authorPeixoto, Andreia F.
dc.contributor.authorSantamaria-Echart, Arantzazu
dc.contributor.authorRusso-Almeida, Paulo
dc.contributor.authorVale, Nuno
dc.contributor.authorFreire, Cristina
dc.contributor.authorVilas-Boas, Miguel
dc.date.accessioned2025-12-17T15:36:21Z
dc.date.available2025-12-17T15:36:21Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractThe outer layer of the pollen grain, which plays a crucial role in the continuity of terrestrial plant life, has received significant attention due to its robustness, chemical inertness, and biocompatible structure made of sporopollenin. Herein, we present a straightforward method for producing high-purity (up to 97%) polymeric sporopollenin biocapsules (S-BioCaps) from bee pollen, exploring new plant sources for S-BioCaps, and diversifying the available morphologies to broaden the applications of pollen-based microcapsules. Following a purification process involving defatting, acidolysis, and several washing steps, we removed the inner components of the pollen grains and reduced the protein content to 2%. Confocal laser scanning and scanning electron microscopy images showed that the hollow and 3D S-BioCaps microstructure were preserved, while laser diffraction particle size analysis validated their monodisperse distribution across each pollen type within the size range of 15 to 24 μm. S-BioCaps tended to exhibit hydrophobic behavior when assessed through water dispersion and water marble analysis. Moreover, we sought to figure out the chemical changes occurring in specimens through Fourier-transform infrared analysis, and findings were consistent with simultaneous thermal analysis, where the thermal decomposition of sporopollenin biopolymer reached up to 457 °C. Overall, this work demonstrates a straightforward approach for utilizing pollen grains from Echium sp., Jasione sp., Papaver sp., Amaranthaceae, and Helianthemum sp., collected with the assistance of honeybees, to produce stable S-BioCaps with diverse morphologies, thereby broadening their potential applications as drug delivery microcarriers.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors are grateful to the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) for financial support by national funds FCT/MCTES to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020 and UIDP/00690/2020), SusTEC (LA/P/0007/2021) and projects: UIDB/50006/2020, UIDB/04033/2020 and UIDP/50006/2020. Thanks to national funding, FCT for CEEC contract (2020.01614. CEECIND/CP1596/CT0007) with Andreia F. Peixoto and the Ph.D. research grant for Volkan Aylanc (2021.07764.BD), and Seymanur Ertosun (2021.08361.BD). Thanks to the NextGenerationEU recovery funds, through the scope of Project BeeLand 10/C05-i03/2021.PPRR-C05-i03-I-000081.
dc.identifier.citationAylanc, Volkan; Ertosun, Seymanur; Peixoto, Andreia F.; Santamaria-Echart, Arantzazu; Russo-Almeida, Paulo; Vale, Nuno; Freire, Cristina; Vilas-Boas, Miguel (2025). Development of natural sporopollenin microcapsules: from bee pollen to versatile biomaterials. Emergent Materials. ISSN 2522-5731. 8:4, p. 3107–3122
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s42247-025-01002-1
dc.identifier.eissn2522-574X
dc.identifier.issn2522-5731
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/35265
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherSpringer Nature
dc.relationMountain Research Center
dc.relationMountain Research Center
dc.relationAssociated Laboratory for Green Chemistry - Clean Technologies and Processes
dc.relationBio-based amines from renewable resources through catalytic sustainable processes (BIO2BIA)
dc.relationNatural capsules of bee pollen as tailor-made controlled delivery systems for food and cosmetic applications
dc.relation.ispartofEmergent Materials
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectBee pollen
dc.subjectRenewable source
dc.subjectPolymeric microcapsules
dc.subjectGreen carriers
dc.titleDevelopment of natural sporopollenin microcapsules: from bee pollen to versatile biomaterialseng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleMountain Research Center
oaire.awardTitleMountain Research Center
oaire.awardTitleAssociated Laboratory for Green Chemistry - Clean Technologies and Processes
oaire.awardTitleBio-based amines from renewable resources through catalytic sustainable processes (BIO2BIA)
oaire.awardTitleNatural capsules of bee pollen as tailor-made controlled delivery systems for food and cosmetic applications
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F00690%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDP%2F00690%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDP%2F50006%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/CEEC IND 3ed/2020.01614.CEECIND%2FCP1596%2FCT0007/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/POR_NORTE/2021.07764.BD/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/PDQI/2021.08361.BD/PT
oaire.citation.endPage3122
oaire.citation.issue4
oaire.citation.startPage3107
oaire.citation.titleEmergent Materials
oaire.citation.volume8
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
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oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStreamCEEC IND 3ed
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oaire.fundingStreamPDQI
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
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person.givenNameSeymanur
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person.givenNameMiguel
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