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The Effect of Cropping System and Irrigation Regime on the Plant Growth and Biochemical Profile of Cichorium spinosum

2025Journal article Open access
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datacite.subject.fosCiências Agrárias::Agricultura, Silvicultura e Pescas
datacite.subject.sdg03:Saúde de Qualidade
dc.contributor.authorPaschoalinotto, Beatriz H.
dc.contributor.authorPolyzos, Nikolaos
dc.contributor.authorLiava, Vasiliki
dc.contributor.authorMandim, Filipa
dc.contributor.authorPires, Tânia C.S.P.
dc.contributor.authorAñibarro-Ortega, Mikel
dc.contributor.authorDias, Maria Inês
dc.contributor.authorBarros, Lillian
dc.contributor.authorPetropoulos, Spyridon A.
dc.date.accessioned2025-06-02T13:29:58Z
dc.date.available2025-06-02T13:29:58Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractThis study evaluated the effects of three irrigation treatments (control (rain-fed plants), deficit irrigation (DI: 50% of maximum field capacity), full irrigation (FI: 100% of maximum field capacity)), and two crop-management treatments (with or without crop rotation with bean, CR, and NCR, respectively) on the plant growth and chemical composition of C. spinosum. The results indicated that deficit irrigation combined with crop rotation increased the weight of leaves per plant, followed by rain-fed plants for the same crop-management treatment. Additionally, these two factors significantly influenced the nutritional profile, free sugars, and organic acid content in a variable manner. Moreover, the control treatment and deficit irrigation increased the content of K, Na, and Mg, which are highly mobile nutrients, whereas the levels of moderately mobile nutrients such as Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn decreased. Deficit irrigation without crop rotation significantly increased the content of total tocopherols, followed by deficit irrigation with crop rotation and full irrigation without crop rotation. The main fatty acids were α-linolenic acid (C18:3n3), followed by palmitic acid (C16:0) and linoleic acid (C18:2n6), while the control and deficit irrigation treatments combined with crop rotation increased PUFA and decreased SFA content. Furthermore, deficit irrigation and crop rotation induced the accumulation of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and phenolic acids, especially the content of the major compounds (e.g., chicoric acid, quercetin-O-hexurunoside, and luteolin-O-hexurunoside). The leaf extracts exhibited varied antioxidant activity (assessed by TBARS and OxHLIA assays), and antimicrobial activity. On the other hand, no antifungal, antiproliferative (except for AGS cell line), hepatotoxic, or anti-inflammatory effects were recorded. In conclusion, the combination of deficit irrigation and crop rotation with bean positively affected the quality traits and the fresh weight of leaves, thus suggesting that such eco-friendly practices could have beneficial effects in the cultivation of C. spinosum plants within the context of climate-change mitigation strategies.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was funded by the General Secretariat for Research and Technology of Greece (project VALUEFARM PRIMA2019-11) and PRIMA foundation in FCT Portugal, under the project VALUEFARM (PRIMA/0009/2019). This work was supported by national funds through FCT/MCTES (PID-DAC): CIMO, UIDB/00690/2020 (DOI: 10.54499/UIDB/00690/2020) and UIDP/00690/2020 (DOI:10.54499/UIDP/00690/2020); and SusTEC, LA/P/0007/2020 (DOI: 10.54499/LA/P/0007/2020). L.Barros (DOI: 10.54499/CEECINST/00107/2021/CP2793/CT0002) and M.I. Dias (DOI: 10.54499/CEECINST/00016/2018/CP1505/CT0004) thank the national funding by FCT through the institutional scientific employment programs for their contracts. The doctoral scholarships from B.H. Paschoalinotto (2023.02731.BD) and M. Añibarro-Ortega (2020.06297.BD).
dc.identifier.citationPaschoalinotto, Beatriz H.; Polyzos, Nikolaos; Liava, Vasiliki; Mandim, Filipa; Pires, Tânia C.S.P.; Añibarro-Ortega, Mikel; Dias, Maria Inês; Barros, Lillian; Petropoulos, Spyridon A. (2025). The Effect of Cropping System and Irrigation Regime on the Plant Growth and Biochemical Profile of Cichorium spinosum. Horticulturae. ISSN 2311-7524. 11:3, p. 1-28
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/horticulturae11030306
dc.identifier.issn2311-7524
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/34539
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relationValueFarm - Valorization of Mediterranean small-scale farms by cropping wild unexploited species
dc.relationPulpIng - Development of a Pumpkin Pulp Formulation using a Sustainable Integrated Strategy
dc.relationMountain Research Center
dc.relationMountain Research Center
dc.relationAssociate Laboratory for Sustainability and Tecnology in Mountain Regions
dc.relationNot Available
dc.relation.ispartofHorticulturae
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectWild edible species
dc.subjectDeficit irrigation
dc.subjectAntimicrobial properties
dc.subjectCrop rotation
dc.subjectCytotoxic effects
dc.subjectBioactive properties
dc.subjectPhenolic compounds
dc.subjectAntioxidant activity
dc.titleThe Effect of Cropping System and Irrigation Regime on the Plant Growth and Biochemical Profile of Cichorium spinosumeng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleValueFarm - Valorization of Mediterranean small-scale farms by cropping wild unexploited species
oaire.awardTitlePulpIng - Development of a Pumpkin Pulp Formulation using a Sustainable Integrated Strategy
oaire.awardTitleMountain Research Center
oaire.awardTitleMountain Research Center
oaire.awardTitleAssociate Laboratory for Sustainability and Tecnology in Mountain Regions
oaire.awardTitleNot Available
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/3599-PPCDT/PRIMA%2F0009%2F2019/PT
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oaire.citation.endPage28
oaire.citation.issue3
oaire.citation.startPage1
oaire.citation.titleHorticulturae
oaire.citation.volume11
oaire.fundingStream3599-PPCDT
oaire.fundingStream3599-PPCDT
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStreamCEEC INST 2018
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
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person.givenNameBeatriz H.
person.givenNameFilipa
person.givenNameTânia C.S.P.
person.givenNameMaria Inês
person.givenNameLillian
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person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-8744-7814
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-9050-5189
person.identifier.ridQ-2842-2018
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project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
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project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
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