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Utilization of excess energy in photovoltaic plants caused by clipping: efficiency comparison between battery and green hydrogen storage solutions

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When sizing a photovoltaic plant, oversizing can increase the utilization of the generation curve. However, during peak production with high irradiance, clipping may occur, resulting in unused energy. This surplus energy poses challenges for energy trading plants, which are limited in injecting it into the grid at the same time as production. This study proposes using energy storage systems to later inject excess energy into the grid. A comparison of battery storage and green hydrogen storage is conducted, considering identical initial conditions and respective process losses. The objective is to analyze energy utilization over a 25-year lifespan for both systems, considering scenarios with and without storage replacement. The results of this study, which only compares the energy efficiency ratio, highlight a greater stored energy for the battery system and a trend with more attenuated variations for the green hydrogen system.

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Horn, Beatriz Souza; Soares, Orlando; Brito, Paulo (2025). Utilization of excess energy in photovoltaic plants caused by clipping: efficiency comparison between battery and green hydrogen storage solutions. In Solar World Congress 2025 (SWC). Fortaleza, Brasil

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