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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Phytophthora cinnamomi and P. cambivora are soil borne oomycetes that
cause Chestnut Ink Disease, a lethal and widespread disease of the European
chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.). Soil moisture is a key factor for the onset of
Phytophthora root rot epidemics. Zoospores are the main infective propagules that
reach the roots by swimming in liquid environments, become encysted and after that
infect the host. Considering this biological uniqueness, we studied zoospore release
and environmental conditions that promote zoospore production and host infection.
Growing nursery media, previously infested with P. cinnamomi, were tested with
different host plants (Castanea sativa, Camellia japonica, Ilex aquifolium) and
different time-spans of flooding. Data analysis, made by nonparametric Kruskal-
Wallis test and followed by multiple comparisons of mean ranks, found that
infection of P. cinnamomi is significantly higher (p<0.001) on C. sativa. No significant
differences were detected by a nonparametric two-way ANOVA analysis on studied
environmental conditions. In natural soils, collected around the canopy of diseased
chestnut trees, Phytophthora has a similar pattern of zoospore activity as on growing
potting mix used as positive control. Variability between samples from the same tree
was associated with physiographic and soil site conditions. This successful, simple
and rapid methodology enables Phytophthora ecological surveillance and prompt
implementation of sanitary management practices.
Description
Keywords
Castanea sativa Phytophthora cinnamomi Soil borne Phytophthora Zoospores Bioassay Bait technique
Citation
Gouveia, Eugénia; Nunes, Luís (2014). Assessing phytophtora zoospore a to enhance disease management and promote ecological surveillance of chestnut ink disease. In 2nd European Congress on Chestnut. Acta Horticulturae. ISSN 0567-7572. p. 67-74
Publisher
ISHS