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A clean photochemical pathway for reconfiguring the sporopollenin biopolymer into sustainable interfaces for biocompatible cellular applications

2026Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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datacite.subject.fosEngenharia e Tecnologia::Engenharia Química
datacite.subject.fosEngenharia e Tecnologia::Biotecnologia Industrial
datacite.subject.sdg09:Indústria, Inovação e Infraestruturas
datacite.subject.sdg12:Produção e Consumo Sustentáveis
datacite.subject.sdg04:Educação de Qualidade
dc.contributor.authorAylanc, Volkan
dc.contributor.authorPeixoto, Andreia F.
dc.contributor.authorCalhelha, Ricardo C.
dc.contributor.authorSoares, Olívia S.G.P.
dc.contributor.authorVale, Nuno
dc.contributor.authorFreire, Cristina
dc.contributor.authorVilas-Boas, Miguel
dc.date.accessioned2026-05-29T14:38:25Z
dc.date.available2026-05-29T14:38:25Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.description.abstractSporopollenin material, derived from pollen grains, provides a natural and sustainable platform for applications in advanced materials, controlled drug delivery, and surface engineering due to its exceptional structural robustness and chemical stability. However, its inert surface chemistry limits biological interactions, requiring controlled surface modification to enhance biointerface performance. This study presents a clean photochemical strategy for reconfiguring the surface of sporopollenin biopolymer, thereby improving its biocompatibility and cellular adhesion. Seven sporopollenin microcapsules (SMCs) of varying sizes (12.5–36.3 μm), purified from bee pollen pellets, were exposed to ultraviolet-C (UV-C) irradiation. Characterization by water contact angle, atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) revealed pronounced surface oxidation (O/C ratio increase of up to 78 %) and enrichment in polar functional groups (hydroxyl, carbonyl, and carboxyl), without compromising structural integrity. These modifications induced superhydrophilicity and enhanced cell interaction. Biocompatibility testing using Vero normal cells confirmed SMCs’ safety (GI50 > 700 μg/mL), while 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) assays indicated higher radical scavenging activity, correlating with surface functionalization. Notably, treated SMCs exhibited up to 52 % higher binding to colorectal cancer cells, Caco-2, as confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Overall, this clean photochemical route effectively enhances the interface potential of natural sporopollenin biopolymer for future drug delivery, regenerative medicine, and tissue engineering applications.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors are grateful to the Foundation for Science and Technology(FCT, Portugal) for financial support by national funds FCT/MCTES to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020 and UIDP/00690/2020), SusTEC (LA/P/0007/2021), and also projects: UIDB/04033/2020, and UIDP/50006/2020. Thanks to national PT national funds UID/50006 - Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde - Tecnologias e Processos Limpos (FCT/MECI, Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia and Ministério da Educação, Ciência e Inovação) for UIDB/50006/2020 project. Thanks to national funding, FCT for CEEC contract (2020.01614.CEECIND/CP1596/CT0007) with Andreia F. Peixoto and the Ph.D. researchgrant for Volkan Aylanc (2021.07764.BD). Thanks to the NextGenerationEUrecovery funds through the scope of Project BeeLand 10/C05-i03/2021.PPRR-C05-i03-I-00008.
dc.identifier.citationAylanc, Volkan; Peixoto, Andreia F.; Calhelha, Ricardo C.; Soares, Olívia S.G.P.; Vale, Nuno; Freire, Cristina; Vilas-Boas, Miguel (2026). A clean photochemical pathway for reconfiguring the sporopollenin biopolymer into sustainable interfaces for biocompatible cellular applications. Applied Surface Science. ISSN 0169-4332. 720, p. 1-14
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.165243
dc.identifier.eid2-s2.0-105021476591
dc.identifier.issn0169-4332
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/36807
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relationMountain Research Center - UIDB/00690/2020
dc.relationMountain Research Center - UIDP/00690/2020
dc.relationBio-based amines from renewable resources through catalytic sustainable processes (BIO2BIA)
dc.relationDesign of bee pollen biocapsules for controlled delivery of active substance in cancer therapy
dc.relationCentre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences
dc.relationAssociated Laboratory for Green Chemistry - Clean Technologies and Processes
dc.relationAssociated Laboratory for Green Chemistry - Clean Technologies and Processes
dc.relation.ispartofApplied Surface Science
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectBiointerface engineering
dc.subjectCancer cell adhesion
dc.subjectNatural microcapsules
dc.subjectSurface functionalization
dc.subjectUV-C irradiation
dc.titleA clean photochemical pathway for reconfiguring the sporopollenin biopolymer into sustainable interfaces for biocompatible cellular applicationseng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardNumberUIDB/00690/2020
oaire.awardNumberUIDP/00690/2020
oaire.awardNumber2020.01614.CEECIND/CP1596/CT0007
oaire.awardNumber2021.07764.BD
oaire.awardNumberUIDB/04033/2020
oaire.awardNumberUIDP/50006/2020
oaire.awardNumberUIDB/50006/2020
oaire.awardTitleMountain Research Center - UIDB/00690/2020
oaire.awardTitleMountain Research Center - UIDP/00690/2020
oaire.awardTitleBio-based amines from renewable resources through catalytic sustainable processes (BIO2BIA)
oaire.awardTitleDesign of bee pollen biocapsules for controlled delivery of active substance in cancer therapy
oaire.awardTitleCentre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences
oaire.awardTitleAssociated Laboratory for Green Chemistry - Clean Technologies and Processes
oaire.awardTitleAssociated Laboratory for Green Chemistry - Clean Technologies and Processes
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F00690%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDP%2F00690%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/CEEC IND 3ed/2020.01614.CEECIND%2FCP1596%2FCT0007/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/POR_NORTE/2021.07764.BD/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F04033%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDP%2F50006%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F50006%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.endPage14
oaire.citation.startPage1
oaire.citation.titleApplied Surface Science
oaire.citation.volume720
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
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oaire.fundingStreamCEEC IND 3ed
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oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
person.familyNameAylanc
person.familyNameCalhelha
person.familyNameVilas-Boas
person.givenNameVolkan
person.givenNameRicardo C.
person.givenNameMiguel
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