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Chemical and bioactive features of amaranthus caudatus l. flowers and optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction of betalains

2021Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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dc.contributor.authorRoriz, Custódio Lobo
dc.contributor.authorXavier, Virginie
dc.contributor.authorHeleno, Sandrina A.
dc.contributor.authorPinela, José
dc.contributor.authorDias, Maria Inês
dc.contributor.authorCalhelha, Ricardo C.
dc.contributor.authorMorales, Patricia
dc.contributor.authorFerreira, Isabel C.F.R.
dc.contributor.authorBarros, Lillian
dc.date.accessioned2018-02-19T10:00:00Z
dc.date.accessioned2021-11-23T12:12:42Z
dc.date.available2018-01-19T10:00:00Z
dc.date.available2021-11-23T12:12:42Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.description.abstractThe vibrant colours of many plants are due to secondary metabolites, such as nitrogen-containing compounds, where betacyanins are included. These compounds can be found in plants such as Amaranthus caudatus L. that, due to their high nutritional benefits, have been overproduced, which leads to the accumulation of large amounts of bio-residues. Among these bio-residues, the flowers which have a very intense pink colour and present no economic value or subsequent destination can be exploited as sources of natural colouring agents (betacyanins). This work aimed at characterising the flower’s extract in terms of bioactive molecules such as tocopherols, organic acids, but essentially in terms of betacyanins, in order to obtain a natural colouring agent. For the extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) ideal conditions were obtained using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM), allowing the attainment of an enriched extract of betacyanins in high yields and purity. The obtained extracts were analysed for their bioactive potential, namely antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties. From the obtained results, three isoforms of tocopherols were detected, β-tocopherol (0.884 ± 0.003 mg/100 g dry weight (dw)) being the most abundant one. Regarding the organic acids, oxalic (2.48 ± 0.05 mg/100 g dw), shikimic (0.170 ± 0.003 mg/100 g dw) and traces of fumaric acid were found. Four betacyanins were identified and quantified, namely: amaranthine (171 ± 1 mg/g extract), isoamaranthine (38 ± 1 mg/g extract), betanin (1.6 ± 0.1 mg/g), and isobetanin (1.3 ± 0.1 mg/g extract). The obtained extract also presented antioxidant activity with inhibition concentration (IC50 values) of 29.0 ± 0.4 µg/mL and 114 ± 4 µg/mL for ∆t of 60 min and 120 min, respectively in the oxidative haemolysis inhibition assay (OxHLIA) assay. The obtained extract also presented an interesting antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 5 to 20 mg/mL against pathogenic bacteria and revealed no toxicity for normal cells.en_EN
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the Regional Operational Program North 2020, within the scope of project Mobilizador Norte-01-0247-FEDER-024479: ValorNatural® and GreenHealth (Norte-01-0145-FEDER-000042). The authors are grateful to the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) for financial support by national funds FCT/MCTES to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020). To FCT for the C.L. Roriz PhD’s grant (SFRH/BD/117995/2016). L. Barros, M.I Dias, and R.C. Calhelha thank the national funding by FCT—Foundation for Science and Technology, P.I., through the institutional scientific employment program-contract for their contracts, and S.A. Heleno (CEECIND/03040/2017) and J. Pinela (CEECIND/01011/2018) through the individual scientific employment program-contract. The authors are also grateful to the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the Regional Operational Program North 2020, within the scope of project Mobilizador Norte-01-0247- FEDER-024479: ValorNatural® and GreenHealth (Norte-01-0145-FEDER-000042. Finally, P. Morales is also grateful to UCM ALIMNOVA Research Group (Ref. 951505) and to Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID-2019-109365RA-I00).
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionen_EN
dc.identifier.citationRoriz, Custódio Lobo; Xavier, Virginie; Heleno, Sandrina A.; Pinela, José; Dias, Maria Inês; Calhelha, Ricardo C.; Morales, Patricia; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.; Barros, Lillian (2021). Chemical and bioactive features of amaranthus caudatus l. Flowers and optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction of betalains. Foods. ISSN 2304-8158. 10:4, p. 1-13en_EN
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/foods10040779en_EN
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/24367
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyesen_EN
dc.relationMountain Research Center
dc.relationDevelopment of a new colouring agent from Gomphrena globosa L.: optimization of the extraction process, stability studies and proof-of-concept in a food matrix
dc.relationNot Available
dc.relationNot Available
dc.subjectAmaranthus caudatus Len_EN
dc.subjectBetacyaninsen_EN
dc.subjectBioactive compoundsen_EN
dc.subjectExtraction process optimisationen_EN
dc.subjectNatural colorantsen_EN
dc.titleChemical and bioactive features of amaranthus caudatus l. flowers and optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction of betalainsen_EN
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleMountain Research Center
oaire.awardTitleDevelopment of a new colouring agent from Gomphrena globosa L.: optimization of the extraction process, stability studies and proof-of-concept in a food matrix
oaire.awardTitleNot Available
oaire.awardTitleNot Available
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F00690%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/POR_NORTE/SFRH%2FBD%2F117995%2F2016/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/CEEC IND 2017/CEECIND%2F03040%2F2017%2FCP1403%2FCT0001/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/CEEC IND 2018/CEECIND%2F01011%2F2018%2FCP1578%2FCT0002/PT
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStreamPOR_NORTE
oaire.fundingStreamCEEC IND 2017
oaire.fundingStreamCEEC IND 2018
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project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
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project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
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rcaap.rightsopenAccessen_EN
rcaap.typearticleen_EN
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