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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A vespa asiática (Vespa velutina nigrithorax) é originária do Sudeste Asiático. Em
2004 foi vista pela primeira vez em território Francês, onde foi introduzida acidentalmente,
e onde, na última década, se espalhou rapidamente, tendo começado a invadir
outros territórios europeus. Na Península Ibérica, foi vista pela primeira vez em 2010 em
Espanha e em 2011 em Portugal. Através da genética das populações é possível inferir
sobre os padrões de invasão desta espécie em Portugal. Assim, de forma a ter uma
amostragem representativa do território invadido, foram recolhidas um total de 191
amostras, cada uma representando uma colonia. Com o fim de estimar a estrutura populacional
e a forma de invasão desta espécie em Portugal, a sua variabilidade genética
foi estudada através de 17 microssatélites. Os resultados obtidos mostram que esta população
sofreu um bottleneck apresentando um reduzido número de alelos, o que está
de acordo com outros estudos europeus. Estes resultados sugerem ainda a entrada de
um pequeno número de indivíduos ou de uma rainha fecundada por vários machos na
Europa. Com esta informação é possível inferir dados sobre o ciclo de vida da V. velutina
que poderão ajudar a explicar o seu sucesso demográfico nas áreas invadidas.
The Yellow-legged or Asian hornet (Vespa velutina nigrithorax) was originally distributed in Southeast Asia. It was accidently introduced in France in 2004 from China and in the last decade, it spread rapidly through the French territory and started invading other European countries. In the Iberian Peninsula it was reported for the first time in Spain in 2010 and Portugal in 2011. Using a population genetics framework, the goal of this study was to test the patterns of colonization of this invasive species in Portugal. In order to have a representative sample, a total of 191 individuals, each representing a colony, were collected across the invaded area in Portugal. The genetic variability was assessed using 17 microsatellite loci to estimate population structure and the spreading pathways throughout Portugal. The results showed that the population of V. velutina suffered a genetic bottleneck that is mainly reflected by the presence of a low number of alleles. This result is in accordance with other European studies, which suggest an entrance of a very small number of propagules or even of a single multi-mated queen in Europe. With this information, it is possible to provide life history traits of V. velutina that may explain its demographic success in the invaded areas.
The Yellow-legged or Asian hornet (Vespa velutina nigrithorax) was originally distributed in Southeast Asia. It was accidently introduced in France in 2004 from China and in the last decade, it spread rapidly through the French territory and started invading other European countries. In the Iberian Peninsula it was reported for the first time in Spain in 2010 and Portugal in 2011. Using a population genetics framework, the goal of this study was to test the patterns of colonization of this invasive species in Portugal. In order to have a representative sample, a total of 191 individuals, each representing a colony, were collected across the invaded area in Portugal. The genetic variability was assessed using 17 microsatellite loci to estimate population structure and the spreading pathways throughout Portugal. The results showed that the population of V. velutina suffered a genetic bottleneck that is mainly reflected by the presence of a low number of alleles. This result is in accordance with other European studies, which suggest an entrance of a very small number of propagules or even of a single multi-mated queen in Europe. With this information, it is possible to provide life history traits of V. velutina that may explain its demographic success in the invaded areas.
Description
Keywords
Vespa velutina Microssatélite Espécies invasivas Genética de populações
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Quaresma, Andreia; Henriques, Dora; Godinho, Joana; Pinto, M. Alice (2018). Caracterização genética da Vespa velutina em Portugal = Genetic characterization of the invasive species Vespa velutina in the Portuguese territory. In V Encontro Jovens Investigadores: livro de resumos. Bragança: Instituto Politécnico. ISBN 978-972-745-235-4