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Chemical composition and plant growth of Centaurea raphanina subsp. mixta plants cultivated under saline conditions

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dc.contributor.authorPetropoulos, Spyridon Α.
dc.contributor.authorFernandes, Ângela
dc.contributor.authorDias, Maria Inês
dc.contributor.authorPereira, Carla
dc.contributor.authorCalhelha, Ricardo C.
dc.contributor.authorChrysargyris, Antonios
dc.contributor.authorTzortzakis, Nikolaos
dc.contributor.authorIvanov, Marija
dc.contributor.authorSoković, Marina
dc.contributor.authorBarros, Lillian
dc.contributor.authorFerreira, Isabel C.F.R.
dc.date.accessioned2018-02-19T10:00:00Z
dc.date.accessioned2020-06-22T10:18:28Z
dc.date.available2018-01-19T10:00:00Z
dc.date.available2020-06-22T10:18:28Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.description.abstractThe aim of this report was to study the e ect of salinity (control: 2dS/m, S1: 4 dS/m and S2: 6 dS/m) and harvest time (first harvest on 9 May 2018 and second harvest on 19 April 2018) on the growth and the chemical composition of Centaurea raphanina subsp. mixta plants. The plants of the first harvest were used for the plant growth measurements (fresh weight and moisture content of leaves, rosette diameter, number and thickness of leaves), whereas those of the second harvest were not used for these measurements due to the flowering initiation, which made the leaves unmarketable due to their hard texture. The results of our study showed that C. raphanina subsp. mixta plants can be cultivated under mild salinity (S1 treatment) conditions without severe e ects on plant growth and yield, since a more severe loss (27.5%) was observed for the S2 treatment. In addition, harvest time proved to be a cost-e ective cultivation practice that allows to regulate the quality of the final product, either in edible form (first harvest) or for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical purposes as well as antimicrobial agents in food products. Therefore, the combination of these two agronomic factors showed interesting results in terms of the quality of the final product. In particular, high salinity (S2 treatment) improved the nutritional value by increasing the fat, proteins and carbohydrates contents in the first harvest, as well as the tocopherols and sugars contents (S1 and S2 treatments, respectively) in the second harvest. In addition, salinity and harvest time a ected the oxalic acid content which was the lowest for the S2 treatment at the second harvest. Similarly, the richest fatty acid ( -linolenic acid) increased with increasing salinity at the first harvest. Salinity and harvest time also a ected the antimicrobial properties, especially against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Trichoderma viride, where the extracts from the S1 and S2 treatments showed high e ectiveness. In contrast, the highest amounts of flavanones (pinocembrin derivatives) were detected in the control treatment (second harvest), which was also reflected to the highest antioxidant activity (TBARS) for the same treatment. In conclusion, C. raphanina subsp. mixta plants seem to be tolerant to medium salinity stress (S1 treatment) since plant growth was not severely impaired, while salinity and harvesting time a ected the nutritional value (fat, proteins, and carbohydrates) and the chemical composition (tocopherols, sugars, oxalic acid, fatty acids), as well as the bioactive properties (cytotoxicity and antimicrobial properties) of the final product.
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors are grateful to the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) for financial support through national funds FCT/MCTES to CIMO (UIDB/00690/2020). L. Barros, A. Fernandes, M.I. Dias and R. Calhelha also thank the national funding by FCT–Foundation for Science and Technology, P.I., through the institutional scientific employment program-contract for their contracts. C. Pereira contract though the celebration of program-contract foreseen in No. 4, 5 and 6 of article 23º of Decree-Law No. 57/2016, of 29th August, amended by Law No. 57/2017, of 19th July. The authors are grateful to FEDER-Interreg España-Portugal programme for financial support through the project 0377_Iberphenol_6_E; and to the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of Republic of Serbia (451-03-68/2020-14/200007).
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionen_EN
dc.identifier.citationPetropoulos, Spyridon A.; Fernandes, Ângela; Dias, Maria Ines; Pereira, Carla; Calhelha, Ricardo C.; Chrysargyris, Antonios; Tzortzakis, Nikolaos; Ivanov, Marija; Sokovic, Marina D.; Barros, Lillian; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R. (2020). Chemical composition and plant growth of Centaurea raphanina subsp. mixta plants cultivated under saline conditions. Molecules. ISSN 1420-3049. 25):, p. 1-26en_EN
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/molecules25092204en_EN
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/22305
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyesen_EN
dc.subjectAbiotic stressen_EN
dc.subjectAntimicrobial propertiesen_EN
dc.subjectAntioxidantsen_EN
dc.subjectCytotoxicityen_EN
dc.subjectFlavanonesen_EN
dc.subjectOxalic aciden_EN
dc.subjectPinocembrinen_EN
dc.subjectPolyphenolsen_EN
dc.subjectSaline conditionsen_EN
dc.titleChemical composition and plant growth of Centaurea raphanina subsp. mixta plants cultivated under saline conditionsen_EN
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
person.familyNameFernandes
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person.familyNameCalhelha
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person.givenNameÂngela
person.givenNameMaria Inês
person.givenNameCarla
person.givenNameRicardo C.
person.givenNameLillian
person.givenNameIsabel C.F.R.
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rcaap.rightsopenAccessen_EN
rcaap.typearticleen_EN
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