Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
El objetivo principal de este trabajo fue evaluar la calidad de cuatro suelos con usos y manejos
diferentes (pasto, cereal, castañar y robledal) para comprobar si su uso es el adecuado y, en base a ello,
proponer mejoras. El trabajo se realizó en Vilar de Ossos, un sector del Parque Natural de Montesinho,
noreste de Portugal. Los resultados se consiguieron en campañas de campo y análisis de más de 25
parámetros en laboratorio (análisis textural, contenido de N, P y K, capacidad y cationes de cambio,
pH, grado de saturación en cationes, materia orgánica, pedregosidad, profundidad útil y drenaje, entre
otros). También se realizó una estimación de la erosión mediante la ecuación universal de pérdida
de suelo. Los cálculos obtenidos dieron tasas bajas de erosión para pasto y robledal y medios para
cereal y castañar. Con los resultados conseguidos se hicieron sendas evaluaciones mediante el sistema
de Clases Agrológicas y el sistema de Riquier Bramao y Cornet, que adjudicaron clases aptas para
el cultivo en todos los casos excepto para el castañar y que nos llevan a proponer un cambio de uso
para el cereal. Finalmente, en base a las evaluaciones se hacen recomendaciones para una mejora de la
calidad del suelo. Para el pastizal, se propone el control de sus valores nutricionales; para el cereal, un
laboreo de conservación; para el castañar, evitar el laboreo; y para el robledal, sistema no antropizado,
se propone dejarlo en su estado actual.
The main objective of this study is to evaluate the quality of four soils with distinct uses and managements (pasture, cereal, chestnut and oak) to check whether their use is appropriate and propose improvements. The investigation took place at Vilar de Ossos, a sector of Montesinho Natural Park in northeast Portugal. Results were obtained from field work and laboratory analyses of more than 25 parameters (textural analysis, nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium contents, cation exchange capacity and cation saturation percentage, pH, organic matter, stoniness, useful soil depth, drainage, etc.). An estimation of erosion was also made following the universal soil loss equation. Pasture and oak registered low values on soil erosion while cereal and chestnut had medium values in the same parameter. With the data obtained, we made soil evaluations according to the Agrologic Classes and the Riquier Bramao and Cornet systems. Results indicate that only chestnut soil had low qualities for farming, and that cereal soils needed a change of use. Finally, based on the assessments, recommendations to improve soil quality have been made. For the pasture soil, the proposal is to put the focus on the nutritional values. In the cereal soil, conservation tillage is proposed. In the chestnut soil, stopping the current plowing technique is suggested and, in the oak soil, which is a natural soil, the proposal is to leave it in its current state.
The main objective of this study is to evaluate the quality of four soils with distinct uses and managements (pasture, cereal, chestnut and oak) to check whether their use is appropriate and propose improvements. The investigation took place at Vilar de Ossos, a sector of Montesinho Natural Park in northeast Portugal. Results were obtained from field work and laboratory analyses of more than 25 parameters (textural analysis, nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium contents, cation exchange capacity and cation saturation percentage, pH, organic matter, stoniness, useful soil depth, drainage, etc.). An estimation of erosion was also made following the universal soil loss equation. Pasture and oak registered low values on soil erosion while cereal and chestnut had medium values in the same parameter. With the data obtained, we made soil evaluations according to the Agrologic Classes and the Riquier Bramao and Cornet systems. Results indicate that only chestnut soil had low qualities for farming, and that cereal soils needed a change of use. Finally, based on the assessments, recommendations to improve soil quality have been made. For the pasture soil, the proposal is to put the focus on the nutritional values. In the cereal soil, conservation tillage is proposed. In the chestnut soil, stopping the current plowing technique is suggested and, in the oak soil, which is a natural soil, the proposal is to leave it in its current state.
Description
Keywords
Agroecosystems Soil erosion Soil quality Soil use and management Sustainable agriculture
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Gutiérrez Montero, Mirian; Fonseca, Felícia; Figueiredo, Tomás de; Sánchez Bellón, Ángel (2018). Evaluación y propuestas de mejora de suelos dedicados a diferentes usos en un sector del Parque Natural de Montesinho, Portugal. Spanish Journal of Soil Science. ISSN -. 8, p. 24-41