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Carbon-Coated Magnetic Catalysts for Enhanced Degradation of Nitrophenols: Stability and Efficiency in Catalytic Wet Peroxide Oxidation

datacite.subject.fosCiências Naturais::Ciências da Terra e do Ambiente
datacite.subject.sdg15:Proteger a Vida Terrestre
dc.contributor.authorBaldo, Arthur P.
dc.contributor.authorBezerra, Ana J.B.
dc.contributor.authorSilva, Adriano S.
dc.contributor.authorSilva, Ana P. F.
dc.contributor.authorRoman, Fernanda F.
dc.contributor.authorÇaha, Ihsan
dc.contributor.authorBañobre-López, Manuel
dc.contributor.authorDeepak, Francis Leonard
dc.contributor.authorGomes, Helder T.
dc.date.accessioned2025-05-30T08:02:41Z
dc.date.available2025-05-30T08:02:41Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractNitrophenols are persistent organic pollutants that pose serious environmental and health risks due to their toxic and lipophilic nature. Their persistence arises from strong aromatic stability and resistance to biodegradation, while their lipophilicity facilitates bioaccumulation, exacerbating ecological and human health concerns. To address this challenge, this study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of two different types of hybrid multi-core magnetic catalysts: (i) cobalt ferrite (Co-Fe2O4), which exhibits ferrimagnetic properties, and (ii) magnetite (Fe3O4), which demonstrates close superparamagnetic behavior and is coated with a novel and less hazardous phloroglucinol–glyoxal-derived resin. This approach aims to enhance catalytic efficiency while reducing the environmental impact, offering a sustainable solution for the degradation of nitrophenols in aqueous matrices. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images revealed the formation of a multi-core shell structure, with carbon layer sizes of 6.6 ± 0.7 nm for cobalt ferrite and 4.2 ± 0.2 nm for magnetite. The catalysts were designed to enhance the stability and performance in catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO) processes using sol–gel and solution combustion synthesis methods, respectively. In experiments of single-component degradation, the carbon-coated cobalt ferrite (CoFe@C) catalyst achieved 90% removal of 2-nitrophenol (2-NP) and 96% of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), while carbon-coated magnetite (Fe3O4@C) demonstrated similar efficiency, with 86% removal of 2-NP and 94% of 4-NP. In the multi-component system, CoFe@C exhibited the highest catalytic activity, reaching 96% removal of 2-NP, 99% of 4-NP, and 91% decomposition of H2O2. No leaching of iron was detected in the coated catalysts, whereas the uncoated materials exhibited similar and significant leaching (CoFe: 5.66 mg/L, Fe3O4: 12 mg/L) in the single- and multi-component system. This study underscores the potential of hybrid magnetic catalysts for sustainable environmental remediation, demonstrating a dual-function mechanism that enhances catalytic activity and structural stability.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was financially supported by national funds through FCT/MCTES (PID-DAC): CIMO, UIDB/00690/2020 (DOI:10.54499/UIDB/00690/2020) and UIDP/00690/2020 (DOI: 10.54499/UIDP/00690/2020); SusTEC, LA/P/0007/2020 (DOI:10.54499/LA/P/0007/2020). Also supported by national funds through FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC). Fernanda F. Roman acknowledges the national funding by FCT and the European Social Fund, FSE, through the individual research grant SFRH/BD/143224/2019. Adriano S. Silva was supported by the doctoral Grant SFRH/BD/151346/2021 and Ana Paula Ferreira by PRT/BD/153090/2021, financed by FCT with funds from NORTE2020, under the MIT Portugal Program. The authors are also grateful for the financial support provided by Fundação La Caixa for the project INOVÁGUA.
dc.identifier.citationBaldo, Arthur P.; Bezerra, Ana Júlia B.; Silva, Adriano S.; Silva, Ana P. F.; Roman, Fernanda; Çaha, Ihsan; Bañobre-López, Manuel; Deepak, Francis Leonard; Gomes, Helder (2025). Carbon-Coated Magnetic Catalysts for Enhanced Degradation of Nitrophenols: Stability and Efficiency in Catalytic Wet Peroxide Oxidation. Catalysts. ISSN 2073-4344. 15:4, p. 1-20
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/catal15040376
dc.identifier.issn2073-4344
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10198/34515
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relationMountain Research Center - UIDB/00690/2020
dc.relationMountain Research Center - UIDP/00690/2020
dc.relationAssociate Laboratory for Sustainability and Tecnology in Mountain Regions - LA/P/0007/2020
dc.relationAmphiphilic carbon-based materials for one-pot desulfurization and denitrogenation of liquid fuels
dc.relationOptimization of municipal solid waste management systems towards sustainability - SFRH/BD/151346/2021
dc.relationMonitoring of municipal waste streams and their transformation into geopolymers
dc.relation.ispartofCatalysts
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectHeterogeneous Fenton
dc.subjectHazardous aromatic contaminants
dc.subjectCore–shell composite
dc.subjectCarbon-coated magnetic nanoparticles
dc.subjectMulti-component system
dc.titleCarbon-Coated Magnetic Catalysts for Enhanced Degradation of Nitrophenols: Stability and Efficiency in Catalytic Wet Peroxide Oxidationeng
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
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oaire.awardNumberSFRH/BD/143224/2019
oaire.awardNumberSFRH/BD/151346/2021
oaire.awardNumberPRT/BD/153090/2021
oaire.awardTitleMountain Research Center - UIDB/00690/2020
oaire.awardTitleMountain Research Center - UIDP/00690/2020
oaire.awardTitleAssociate Laboratory for Sustainability and Tecnology in Mountain Regions - LA/P/0007/2020
oaire.awardTitleAmphiphilic carbon-based materials for one-pot desulfurization and denitrogenation of liquid fuels
oaire.awardTitleOptimization of municipal solid waste management systems towards sustainability - SFRH/BD/151346/2021
oaire.awardTitleMonitoring of municipal waste streams and their transformation into geopolymers
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oaire.citation.endPage20
oaire.citation.issue4
oaire.citation.startPage1
oaire.citation.titleCatalysts
oaire.citation.volume15
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person.affiliation.nameCeDRI, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança
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person.givenNameArthur P.
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person.givenNameAdriano S.
person.givenNameAna P. F.
person.givenNameFernanda F.
person.givenNameHelder T.
person.identifierhttps://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ana-Ferreira-Da-Silva-3
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person.identifier.ciencia-id6218-1E19-13EE
person.identifier.orcid0009-0000-7853-0667
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