DiVina – Estratégia de valorização de dióspiros para o setor dos vinagres - 20651_DiVina | NORTE2030-FEDER-02089700

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Unraveling the bioactive potential of grape pomace using deep eutectic solvents (DES)

Publication . Pérez-Pérez, Alba; Alvaredo-López-Vizcaíno, Adela; Pires, Tânia C.S.P.; Finimundy, Tiane C.; Mandim, Filipa; Barros, Lillian; Del-Río, Pablo G.; Gullón, Beatriz

Grape pomace (GP) is the main by-product generated by the winemaking industry. Traditionally, the economic potential of this residue has been underestimated; however, it has recently attracted increasing interest as a promising source of high-value compounds. In this work, three deep eutectic solvents (DES) were assessed as green alternatives for the efficient extraction of phenolic compounds from GP. Amongst the tested solvents, the DES composed of choline chloride, acetic acid, and water (1:1:10 M ratio) showed the best performance. Under optimized extraction conditions (14.86 mL/g liquid-to-solid ratio (LSR), 60 °C, and 275.85 min), the total phenolic content (TPC) reached 113.71 mg GAE/g, while the condensed tannins content (CTC) was 125.37 mg CE/g. Antioxidant activity values were 165.25 mg TE/g for DPPH, 171.48 mg TE/g for ABTS, 102.88 mg TE/g for FRAP, and 367.79 mg TE/g for CUPRAC. Additionally, lipid peroxidation inhibition (TBARS) showed an IC50 of 337.02 μg/mL. HPLC-MS-ESI analysis of the optimal extract allowed the tentative identification of 18 phenolic compounds, mainly including phenolic acids, flavan-3-ols, anthocyanins, and tannins. Furthermore, the extract exhibited cytotoxic potential against gastrointestinal and liver cell lines with IC50 of 23 and 12 μg/mL, respectively; and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 33.35 mg/mL for all three bacterial strains. Overall, this study highlights red GP as a promising wine industry by-product for the recovery of bioactive compounds, although further studies are required to assess their safety and potential use as multifunctional ingredients.

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Entidade financiadora

União Europeia

Programa de financiamento

NORTE2030-FEDER-02089700

Número da atribuição

20651