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- Morphologic and systemic alterations in obese and overweight subjects after a physical activity intervention programPublication . Magalhães, Pedro; Lopes, Vitor P.; Costa, Maria A.; Duarte, José AlbertoThere are some evidences that exercise training reduces total and abdominal fat and some systemic variables with improve health benefits. The aim of this study was to analyse the variation of some morphologic and systemic variables in 16 (age=64.5±7.2) obese and overweight (BMI=31.4±5.7) type 2 diabetic patients, of both gender, during a regular physical exercise program, which consists of 35 minutes of fast walking every days of the week, during 8 months, and no diet intervention. The change was analysed with MANOVA. In total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, TG and Insulin the changes were analysed in a 4 months period and in weight, BMI, waist and blood pressure were analysed in an 8 months period. There was significant decreases on weight [F(1, 15) = 6.688; p = 0.021], BMI [F(1, 15) = 7.396; p = 0.016], waist [F(1, 15) = 43.032; p = 0.000] and LDL [F(1, 7) = 14,264; p = 0.007]. It could be concluded that the participation in this physical activity program enables the subjects to improve their morphologic and systemic parameters without alterations in their diet.
- Effects of a 10 weeks training programs on prepubescent girlsPublication . Monteiro, A.M.; Barbosa, Tiago M.; Magalhães, Pedro; Lopes, Vitor P.The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of a training program on the development of the maximal isometric strengths, the push-ups, the pull-ups and the throw of the roller-skate hockey ball. The sample was composed by 16 girls, at the age of 9,5 years and in the maturation stage I according to Tanner's Scale. The sample was divided into two different groups, the experimental one (EG, n = 11) and the control one (CG, n = 5). The EG group was submit- ted to a training program with callisthenic exercises three times a week (90 min each session) during 10 weeks. The program comprised the training of push-ups, modified pull-ups and the 2 exercises with elastics (elbows flexion and extension and extension of the arms above the head) until exhaustion. The training volume has been gradually adapted from 3 series between the 1st and 3rd week to 4 series between the 4th and 6th week and to 5 series between 7th and 10th week. The maximal isometric voluntary force (MIVF) was evaluated during the Shoulder Press (SHPRES) exercise, the Arm Curl (ARMCURL) exercise and de Triceps Press (TRIPES) exercise. The MIVF was measured using a dynamometer (TST 121C from Biopac Systems Inc.). We also evaluated the maximal number of push ups and modified pull ups that each girl could do. Finally, we measured the distance made by the roller-skate hockey ball after being thrown (THRW). For the comparison between the two measurements (before and after the training program) was raised the "Paired Simple Test" in each group (p < 0.05). It compared the minimum values between the two moments on the e.g., the THRW (p = 0.006), the PULL (p=0.010), and the PUSH (p= 0.014), presented significant increases. However, the TRIPES (p = 0.096), the ARMCURL (p = 0.403), and the SHPRES (p = 0.066) didn't present significant differences. On the CG the only significant difference was found in the TRIPES (p = 0.003).