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- Lexicologia: mutações teórico-metodológicas no séc. XXPublication . Araújo, Carla Sofia; Assunção, CarlosLexicology, as the science of the lexicon of a language, is a recent discipline, having resulted, however, from a long tradition initiated by the thought of the philosophers of ancient Greece, who reflected on the origin of language and on the dialectic between thought and language and on how languages represent the world, but that was only formatted and validated as science in the second half of the twentieth century. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the main theoretical-methodological mutations of lexicology in the last half century, which led to its assertion as a science, and to describe some lexical onthologies that led to the development of databases for many languages in the world.
- From the concepts of meaning and reference to the concept of prototypicalityPublication . Assunção, Carlos; Araújo, Carla Sofia; Fernandes, GonçaloMeaning is a uniquely human phenomenon. In linguistics, this subject matter is especially complex, considering the multiplicity of theoretical approaches and the variety of disci plinary fields that address the issue. A similar concern applies to the concept of reference, because, although most linguists today agree that meaning and reference form two differ ent realities, the discussion about the relation between these two terms has not yet been fully examined. Cognitive Linguistics has made a great contribution to this discussion by recognizing that we cannot present the postulate of the existence of a level of meaning that belongs only to language and is distinct from the level at which the meaning of linguistic forms is associated with the knowledge of the world. The objective of this work is to show that, with Cognitive Linguistics, the ideas of meaning and reference are re-equated and have gained strength in the scope of linguistic studies reinforced by the concept of prototype. For such purpose this text describes the way these concepts have evolved based on their theorisation, paying particular attention to cognitive seman tics, but not intending to make an exhaustive theoretical-methodological analysis of them.