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Percorrer CIMO por Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) "06:Água Potável e Saneamento"
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- Curcumin Nanoparticles as a Pigment of Polyamide Textiles: Influence of Conditions in the Exhaust Dyeing and Evaluation of Wastewater ToxicityPublication . Moraes, Katharina S.; Oliveira, Aline de; Ferreira, Bruna T. M.; Bona, Evandro; Carneiro, Jaqueline; Peron, Ana Paula; Fernandes, Marta; Zille, Andrea; Leimann, Fernanda V.; Aguiar, Catia R. Lange de; Silva, Márcia G. da; Ferreira, Alexandre J. S.; Vila, Nívea T.; Gonçalves, Odinei HessThe growing demand for eco-friendly and sustainable solutions in textile dyeing has attracted interest in natural dyes, since the synthetic counterparts may be potentially damaging to the environment and require the use of additives to efficiently bind them to the fibers. Curcumin, a natural dye derived from Curcuma longa L. rhizomes, has attracted attention due to its notable biological activity and vibrant yellow-orange hue; however, its direct application remains limited by challenges related to dye fixation and color fastness. This study aimed to evaluate the use of curcumin nanoparticles in the dyeing of polyamide 6.6, as well as to assess the toxicity level of the effluent generated during the exhaust dyeing process. Colloidally stable nanoparticles with average sizes of 454 and 419 nm were obtained with PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) and Poloxamer 407 as the polymeric stabilizer, respectively. A factorial 24-1 experimental design was implemented, showing a reduction in color intensity at higher dyeing temperatures, while acidic conditions enhanced dye uptake, leading to improved color depth. Two formulations were selected for a more detailed characterization. Regarding the wash currently used by the textile field, the scores found demonstrated that color did not change during washing. Excellent ratings were found in the rubbing and perspiration fastness and the ultraviolet protection factor for the textiles dyed with PVP and Poloxamer 407 stabilizers. The wastewater of the dyeing process under selected experimental conditions was evaluated with respect to the phytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and cytotoxicity in in vivo models. Based on the results, the wastewater samples analyzed may be environmentally safe.
- Development and characterization of organically grafted clay minerals for the removal of methylene blue from waterPublication . Serikbayeva, Aizhan M.; Roman, Fernanda F.; Gomes, Helder T.; Kalmakhanova, Marzhan S.In recent years, water pollution caused by industrial waste has been a major problem throughout the world. To remove harmful impurities from water, using methylene blue (MB) as a model compound, modified clays were used, as they are capable of adsorbing various substances on their surfaces. The modified clays were obtained by grafting dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and triethanolamine (TEOA) in the space between the layers of Shymkent clay. DMSO was first added to the natural clay; TEOA was also added at a temperature of 180°C and then held at that temperature for 2 h. The resulting modified clays were dried at 60°C for 24 h and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface area analysis (SAA), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), elemental analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis (DTA and TGA). Natural and modified clays (0.25–2.5 g L–1, pH=1–12, and 50°C) were used to adsorb MB from an aqueous solution at a concentration of 50 mg L–1. Contact with the adsorbent was maintained for 8 h. As much as 95.9% of the MB was removed from the aqueous solution in as little time as 15 min. Adsorption conditions were optimized, and the clay modified with TEAO showed better results than the natural clay (85% for modified clay vs 40% for original clay, at a clay concentration of 0.5 g L–1); significant adsorption was obtained over a wide pH range (>85% from pH 1 to 12).
- Editorial - Special issue CHEMPOR 2023 – 14th International Chemical and Biological Engineering ConferencePublication . Pinho, Simão; Barreiro, FilomenaThe 14th International Chemical and Biological Engineering Conference (CHEMPOR 2023), organized by Bragança Polytechnic University and the Portuguese Engineers Association, was held in Bragança, Portugal, on September 12–15, 2023. CHEMPOR 2023 focused on recent developments in various settings, including biorefinery, biotechnology, energy and environment, innovative materials, and the creation and design of novel reaction and separation processes, always foreseeing industrial applications for a sustainable future. The conference served as a melting pot to celebrate creativity, diversity, and friendship among participants, fostering the exchange of ideas and enabling fruitful interactions. It brought together professionals from the academic, industrial, scientific, and technological communities, uniting over 300 delegates from 12 countries. This collection of papers from CHEMPOR 2023 vividly illustrates how biological and chemical engineers are tackling the major societal challenges of our time. They highlight converging initiatives to promote sustainability through a circular economy where materials are valued and renewable. The papers present contemporary contributions in wastewater treatment, waste and biomass valorization, energy transition solutions, efforts to mitigate climate change, and bio-based approaches to produce, separate, and purify valuable compounds using ionic liquids or eutectic solvents. The selected works featured in this special issue represent an excellent reflection of the conference spirit. The attendees' dedication to seeking innovative solutions and producing high-quality scientific outputs also stood out. Finally, we want to express our profound appreciation to all the participants and our enormous gratitude to all our sponsors and associated scientific journals and publishers. In particular, we acknowledge the editorial team of Separation and Purification Technology, especially Bart Van der Bruggen and Raquel Aires-Barros, for their significant support and enthusiasm.
- Enhancing single and multi-component adsorption efficiency of pharmaceutical emerging contaminants using bio waste-derived carbon materials and geopolymersPublication . Silva, Ana P. F.; Baldo, Arthur P.; Silva, Adriano S.; Natal, Ana Paula S.; Bezerra, Ana J.B.; Tuesta, Jose L. Diaz de; Marin, Pricila; Peres, José A.; Gomes, Helder T.Water contamination with pharmaceuticals like acetaminophen (ACT), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), and phenolic compounds such as gallic acid (GA), have become a global concern. These contaminants are persistent environmental pollutants that threaten aquatic life and human health. Adsorption is recognized as an efficient and low-cost solution to tackle water pollution. In this study, the efficiency of three adsorbents—activated carbon (AC), geopolymer (GP), and carbon nanotubes (CNT) prepared from solid wastes for the removal of ACT, SMX, and GA by adsorption is assessed. AC, GP and CNT are synthesized from real wastes to address solid waste management needs. Physisorption confirmed AC superior BET surface area (527 m2 g 1), followed by CNTs (66 m2 g 1) and GPs (30 m2 g 1), allowing to achieve the highest adsorption capacity: 126.8 mg g 1 for ACT, 54.9 mg g 1 for SMX, and 151.5 mg g 1 for GA, with respective breakthrough times of 314, 66, and 68 min. Kinetic and isotherm adsorption models are fitted for all pair pollutant-adsorbent reaching 33 equations to accurately predict adsorption process, concluding that pseudo-second-order kinetic and Freundlich model best fit experimental data, demonstrating a strong adsorbent-adsorbate affinity. The findings suggest that these sustainable materials offer promising solutions for treating contaminated water.
- Environmental Impact of Wastewater on Surface and Groundwater in Central AsiaPublication . Kalmakhanova, Marzhan S.; Kurtebayeva, Assel A.; Tleuova, Zhanna T.; Satybaldiev, Bagdat; Orynbayev, Seitzhan A.; Malakar, Arindam; Gomes, Helder T.; Snow, Daniel D.This review aims to increase attention on present water quality issues on Central Asia, finding gaps in the literature on ways to address treatment needs, and help ensure future use of Central Asia surface waters and groundwater for all beneficial uses. Central Asia is a landlocked region known for its harsh climatic conditions and scarce water resources, despite being home to some of the world's largest internal drainage basins. The available literature suggests that increasing salinity has rendered water unsuitable for irrigation and consumption; hazardous trace elements are found throughout Central Asia, most often associated with mining and industrial sources; and that legacy pesticides influence water quality, particularly in agriculturally influenced basins. This study also focuses on the effects of municipal and industrial wastewater discharge. Additionally, the impact of inadequately treated wastewater on water resources is analyzed through a review of available data and reports regarding surface and groundwater quantity and quality. Given the challenges of water scarcity and accessibility, the reuse of treated wastewater is becoming increasingly important, offering a valuable alternative that necessitates careful oversight to ensure public health, environmental sustainability, and water security. However, due to insufficient financial and technical resources, along with underdeveloped regulatory frameworks, many urban areas lack adequate wastewater treatment facilities, significantly constraining their safe and sustainable reuse. Proper management of wastewater effluent is critical, as it directly influences the quality of both surface and groundwater, which serve as key sources for drinking water and irrigation. Due to their persistent and biologically active nature even at trace levels, we discuss contaminants of emerging concern such as antibiotics, pharmaceuticals, and modern agrochemicals. This review thus highlights gaps in the literature reporting on impacts of wastewater inputs to water quality in Central Asia. It is recommended that future research and efforts should focus on exploring sustainable solutions for water quality management and pollution control to assure environmental sustainability and public health.
- Fármacos en el agua: Sensibilización para la mitigación de sus impactos en los ecosistemas y en la sociedadPublication . Voznakova, Alena; Canle, Moisés; Geraldes, Ana MariaLa creciente presencia de residuos farmacéuticos en los ecosistemas acuáticos ha emergido como un problema ambiental significativo y poco visibilizado. Fármacos de uso común, como antibióticos, analgésicos y betabloqueantes, ingresan al ambiente a través de aguas residuales, desechos industriales y prácticas inadecuadas de disposición de medicamentos, persistiendo en cuerpos de agua superficiales y subterráneos. Los sistemas de tratamiento de aguas convencionales no están diseñados para eliminar completamente estos compuestos, lo que provoca una acumulación gradual con efectos adversos tanto en la biodiversidad y los ecosistemas asociados. Este artículo aborda los efectos de los fármacos en organismos acuáticos, tales como la toxicidad combinada y el desarrollo de resistencias antimicrobianas. Además, se explora el impacto a largo plazo en los ecosistemas, y los riesgos asociados para la salud humana. Finalmente, se subraya el rol fundamental de la educación ambiental en la creación de conciencia pública sobre los impactos de los residuos farmacéuticos y la importancia de promover cambios en los comportamientos sociales.
- Impact of the Highly Invasive Signal Crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) on Freshwater Macroinvertebrate CommunitiesPublication . Nogueira, António Barbosa; Oliveira, Bruno; Padilha, Janeide; Varandas, Simone; Teixeira, Amilcar; Sousa, RonaldoInvasive non-native species threaten freshwater ecosystems, disrupting the functioning and structure of the food chain and potentially leading to biodiversity loss. As omnivores, crayfish can modify their environment, directly affecting organisms such as macroinvertebrates. Macroinvertebrates, intermediate consumers in food chains, are influenced by both top-down and bottom-up forces, playing fundamental functional roles within freshwater ecosystems. The main aim of this study was to assess the effects of the signal crayfish Pacisfatacus leniusculus on the freshwater macroinvertebrate community in a mountainous area with very low human disturbance, while controlling for other measured environmental factors (e.g., T degrees C, pH, TDS). To this end, 34 sites (18 invaded and 16 non-invaded) in the Raba & ccedil;al and Tuela River basins (Portugal) were sampled. Comparisons were made between basins and invaded and uninvaded sites regarding abundance, biomass, richness and indices of macroinvertebrate community diversity and functionality. A total of 38,529 organisms from 133 freshwater macroinvertebrate taxa were identified. Our results showed a decline in the biomass, richness and diversity of macroinvertebrates with increasing crayfish abundance. Few differences in functional diversity were found, probably due to functional redundancy; however, crayfish did affect certain functional groups: drillers and periphyton-associated macroinvertebrates exhibited a negative correlation with crayfish abundance, whereas scrapers and gravel-associated macroinvertebrates demonstrated a positive response. In addition to the abundance of signal crayfish, temperature, total dissolved solids and pH showed some influence on the macroinvertebrate community. Overall, these findings are fundamental for better understanding, predicting and managing crayfish impacts in low disturbance areas of upper catchments. It is important to continue monitoring not only non-native crayfish populations but also macroinvertebrate (and other) communities, as our findings clearly demonstrate the sensitivity of these organisms to crayfish presence. Future research should investigate the main mechanisms of this change in the macroinvertebrate community.
- Impacts of climate-induced drought on lake and reservoir biodiversity and ecosystem services: a reviewPublication . Sun, Xinyu; Armstrong, Margaret; Moradi, Amirmohammad; Bhattacharya, Ruchi; Geraldes, Ana Maria; Munthali, Elias; Grossart, Hans-Peter; Matsuzaki, Shin-Ichiro; Kangur, Külli; Dunalska, Julita; Stockwell, Jason; Borre, LisaIntensifying extreme droughts are altering lentic ecosystems and disrupting services provisioning. Unfortunately, drought research often lacks a holistic and intersectoral consideration of drought impacts, which can limit relevance of the insights for adaptive management. This literature review evaluated the current state of lake and reservoir extreme drought research in relation to biodiversity and three ecosystem services. The study findings demonstrated that few articles linked or discussed drought implications with one or more ecosystem services, instead focusing primarily on biodiversity. Drought effects on biodiversity varied among species and taxonomic groups. In the limited literature that included ecosystem service provisioning, droughts had a general negative effect. Drinking water supply can decrease and become more costly. Decreasing water flow and volume can reduce hydropower generation. Degraded water quality can also impact recreation. Future intersectoral collaborations and research on intensifying droughts should support adaptive management efforts in mitigating drought impacts.
- Impacts of soil humic acids on the presence of PPCPs in reclaimed waterPublication . Conde-González, J.E.; Hernandez Hernandez, Zulimar; Aguiar, V.; Vera, L.; Marrero, M.C.; Salvadó, V.; Peña-Méndez, E.M.A multidisciplinary approach investigates the interaction between selected PPCPs with diversified physicochemical propertiesand humic acids (HAs) extracted from Elliot and volcanic soils in reclaimed water (RW). Principal component analysis (PCA) reveals significant differences between the two HAs and how these differences affect PPCP-HA interaction which are characterized by UV spectroscopy. The sorption of PPCPs on either IHSS HA or CAN HA fit a pseudo-second-order kinetic reaction in RW, indicating that the adsorption rate was controlled by the diffusion of the PPCP, followed by adsorption on the HA surface. The sorption of each individual PPCP on both HAs was characterized by applying sorption isotherm models, showing that chemisorption is involved. Moreover, the simultaneous PPCP-HA interactions between the selected PPCPs and both HAs in RW (at different pHs) fitted Freundlich's model (R-2 > 0.9890), where, K-F values are 0.0003 and 0.085 for simultaneous adsorption on IHSS HA and CAN HA, respectively. The greater K-F value obtained for CAN HA suggests that the simultaneous PPCP adsorption is more favourable in this HA than in IHSS HA. Meanwhile, coexisting Ca2+ (>50 mM) in RW could inhibit the PPCP-HA interaction due to the aggregation of HAs. This study highlights the importance of the HA origin in the interaction with PPCPs in RW, which can affect the fate and transport of these pollutants and the associated environmental risk.
- Life cycle approach as a tool for assessing municipal biowaste treatment units: a systematic reviewPublication . Serafini, Lais Fabiana; Praça, Paulo; González-Andrés, Fernando; Gonçalves, ArturBiowaste is an increasingly relevant environmental issue worldwide, causing significant environmental, economic and social impacts. Effective strategies are crucial to mitigate impacts, maximising biowaste’s valorisation. This article presents a systematic literature review on using life cycle assessment (LCA) to evaluate municipal biowaste treatment facilities. The primary objective was to analyse how LCA is applied to assess the environmental efficiency of mechanical and biological treatment involving composting and anaerobic digestion (AD)-based systems. The article addressed the methodological heterogeneity across previous LCA studies, identifying critical gaps and challenges regarding standardisation and result comparability. It underscores the importance of accurately considering environmental indicators and emission factors, as these significantly affect overall LCA outcomes. Results show that most publications focus on Europe and Asia, highlighting a research gap in regions like Africa. The organic fraction municipal solid waste is the predominant feedstock, and 1 tonne of biowaste was the frequently used functional unit, reflecting the upstream impacts of waste. The most recurrent system boundary was the cradle-to-grave, offering a comprehensive analysis as it covers all stages of biowaste treatment from collection to disposal. The studies highlight the environmental benefits of AD-based systems through energy production compensations, particularly in reducing global warming potential, compared with other treatment operations such as landfills. While replacing mineral fertilisers with digestate and compost is very well discussed, it raises concerns about heavy metal content and nutrient availability. Therefore, selective collection of organic waste is crucial to improve compost quality and AD efficiency, though it increases transportation costs.
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