Percorrer por autor "Vella, Cristina"
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- Contrasting whole-genome diversity patterns and adaptation in honeybees from two southern European glacial refugiaPublication . Yadró Garcia, Carlos A.; Henriques, Dora; Cilia, Giovanni; Rufino, José; Vella, Cristina; Aglagane, Abdessamad; Sagastume, Soledad; Zammit-Mangion, Marion; Martín-Hernández, Raquel; Nanetti, Antonio; Pinto, M. AliceHuman-driven environmental change makes understanding genetic variation essential for protecting keystone species such as the honeybee, Apis mellifera. We compared whole-genome mitonuclear variation in subspecies inhabiting the Iberian and Italian Peninsulas, which have been shaped by distinct glacial histories and modern beekeeping pressures. Italian honeybees showed a stronger anthropogenic imprint, driven largely by recent human-mediated gene flow. Both subspecies showed mitonuclear asymmetry, approximate south-to-northeast clinal pattern, evidence of ancient or recent admixture with other subspecies and lineages, and genomic signatures of a 20th-century bottleneck. African ancestry was present both, though ancient and predominantly mitochondrial in Iberia, but recent and predominantly nuclear Italy. Italian honeybees also had persistently lower historical effective population sizes, lower nucleotide versity, and higher kinship. Shared and subspecies-specific enriched genes suggest both convergent and unique adaptive responses. These results highlight complex evolutionary dynamics and the significant netic impact of modern beekeeping.
- Mitochondrial DNA Variability in the Honey bee Apis mellifera L., Implications for ConservationPublication . Vella, Cristina; Lanfranco, Sandro; Hernández, Raquel Martín; Higes, Mariano; Nanetti, Antonio; Pinto, M. Alice; Yadró Garcia, Carlos A.; Henriques, Dora; Cilia, Giovanni; Sagastume De Andrés, Soledad; Adjlane, Noureddine; Al Shagour, Banan; Al Daour, Ahmad; Muz, Mustafa Necati; Muz, Dilek; Hosri, Chadi; Zammit Mangion, Marion; Galea, ThomasThe Western honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) is a keystone species that plays a vital role in maintaining environmental health and agricultural productivity. However, it faces significant threats, including indiscriminate pesticide use, parasite ecosystem expansion, climate change, and the uncontrolled importation of non-native subspecies. The PRIMA project MEDIBEES (Monitoring the Mediterranean Honey Bee Subspecies and Their Resilience to Climate Change for Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems) aims to identify the current genetic structure of native honey bee populations across the Mediterranean and neighbouring regions to help support breeding programmes and conservation efforts. A. mellifera subspecies may be classified into four major mitochondrial DNA lineages: A (Africa), M (Western and Northern Europe), C (Eastern and Central Europe) and O (Western and Central Asia), each of which is sub-divided into a number of haplotypes. The occurrence of non-native lineages is a strong indicator of introduction of foreign subspecies. In this study, the mtDNA tRNA-COII region of over 1,344 DNA samples was amplified using standard PCR methods, sequenced and then analysed using Geneious Prime 2024 software. These samples were collected from the Mediterranean and neighbouring regions including A.m. ligustica (Italy), A.m. siciliana (Italy, Sicily), A.m. cypria (Cyprus), A.m. syriaca (Jordan and Lebanon), A.m. ruttneri (Malta), A.m. meda (Iran), A.m. anatoliaca and A.m. caucasica (Turkey), A.m. jemenitica (UAE and Oman), A.m. sahariensis (Morocco and Algeria), A.m. macedonica (Greece) and A.m. intermissa (Algeria). Results indicate that lineage C, typical of A.m. ligustica and A.m. carnica, was present in a number of studied samples, suggesting the introduction of non-native C lineage subspecies through the importation of commercially managed colonies. This presentation will focus on describing the current distribution of mtDNA haplotypes within these subspecies as well as evidence of non-native lineages, indicating the possible introduction of other subspecies into these regions. The implications of the data including insights into the movement and transfer of subspecies in these areas and potential impact on local beekeeping practices will be discussed.