Browsing by Author "Muhammad, Fahad"
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- Generation of phase equilibrium data in the production of ethyl biodiesel using non-edible vegetable oilsPublication . Muhammad, Fahad; Pinho, Simão; Coniglio-Jaubert, LucieThe importance of fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) in the various applications of chemical industries such as pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food and most recently, in the oil and gas industry for the production of biodiesel has driven this study to carry out phase equilibrium measurements composed of fatty acid esters together with a mixture of alcohols. The data collected from this study is of high importance for the design, optimization and operation of industrial facilities manufacturing these compounds for the production of biodiesel. Pure component vapour pressures of two saturated fatty acid ethyl esters, ethyl hexanoate and ethyl octanoate and three alcohols namely, 1-pentanol, 1-octanol and 1-dodecanol were measured at pressures ranging from 7 kPa to 98 kPa and temperatures from (354 to 474) K using a dynamic apparatus. The experimental data (P-T) were smoothed using the Antoine equation and compared with the available literature values. The objective also involved the study of vapor-liquid equilibria (VLE) data for three different binary system using a dynamic ebulliometer. The binary systems included ethanol + ethyl hexanoate, 1-pentanol + ethyl hexanoate and 1-pentanol + ethyl octanoate. The VLE data for each binary system was determined at two pressures ranging from (14.65 to 53.33) kPa. The experimental VLE data for each of the binary mixtures was represented by the NRTL five-parameter models together with Lyngby modified UNIFAC and Dortmund modified UNIFAC to understand the VLE behaviour of these mixtures. Finally, multicomponent VLE was performed for a system comprising 1-octanol + 1-dodecanol + BAEE (Balanites Aegyptiaca ethyl esters) for a pressure range of 8 kPa to 12 kPa. The vapour pressures of fatty acid ethyl esters of balanites aegyptiaca (BAEE) involved in this multicomponent system was also evaluated using the DIPPR databank
- Phase equilibrium data and modeling of ethylic biodiesel, with application to a non-edible vegetable oilPublication . Muhammad, Fahad; Oliveira, Mariana B.; Pignat, Patrice; Jaubert, Jean-Noël; Pinho, Simão; Coniglio, LucieContributing to extending the knowledge for the design and operation of biodiesel production processes, isobaric PTxy vapor-liquid equilibria data of ethanol + ethyl hexanoate, 1-pentanol + ethyl hexanoate and 1-pentanol + ethyl octanoate at two different pressures are reported for the first time. Consistency tests were applied to attest the quality of the collected data, for these especially complex measurements. Besides that, vapor pressures of the pure ethyl esters have also been measured. For modeling purposes, the Lyngby and Dortmund UNIFAC variants were used to predict the VLE phase diagrams. Generally, the predictions are of very good quality, being the UNIFAC-Do (Dortmund) better, as the deviations in temperature and vapor compositions are always lower to 1.0 K and 0.020, respectively. Checking for the viability for extrapolations in pressure, CPA EoS was also applied to the modeling of the experimental data with very good results. Finally, aiming at examining the model capabilities to describe multicomponent systems, VLE measurements involving two alcohols and the fatty acid ethyl ester mixture obtained from non-edible vegetable oil have been carried out showing the good performance of the predictive models.