Percorrer por autor "Machado, Clycie"
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- Historical and contemporaneous human-mediated processes left a strong genetic signature on honey bee populations from the Macaronesian archipelago of the AzoresPublication . Ferreira, Helena; Henriques, Dora; Neves, Cátia J.; Machado, Clycie; Azevedo, João; Francoy, Tiago M.; Pinto, M. AliceIn this study, honey bees fromthe Macaronesian archipelago of the Azoreswere extensively surveyed to unveil diversity patterns. A total of 638 colonies were analyzed over two time periods using mtDNA and wing geometric morphometrics. The genetic composition revealed to be heterogeneous and related to historical and contemporary human-mediated introductions. The close relationship of Azorean populations with those from northern Portugal supports historical introductions by Portuguese settlers. The African sublineage AIII prevailed on five islands, contrasting with three islands where C haplotypes were dominant. On Pico and Graciosa, C haplotypes are due to recent imports of commercial queens. On Faial, the sudden replacement of AIII by C haplotypes coincided with arrival of Varroa destructor . This study deepens the current understanding of Macaronesian honey bees, suggesting that they are variants of the Iberian honey bee with differential levels of Cderived introgression.
- Identification of honey bee populations from the Azores: insights from wing geometric morphometricsPublication . Ferreira, Helena; Machado, Clycie; Costa, Claudinéia; Francoy, Tiago M.; Pinto, M. AliceThe geometric morphometrics of the wings has been an important method for the identification and evaluation of honey bee diversity patterns around the world. Honey bee populations of the Macaronesian archipelagos of Canaries and Madeira have been intensively surveyed for diversity using a variety of genetic markers. In contrast, honey bee populations inhabiting the Azorean archipelago have been largely undersampled. To fill this gap, we sampled 473 colonies from across the Azores and assessed diversity patterns using a geometric morphometrics approach. A total of 5 forewings were collected per colony, mounted in a slide and photographed with a stereomicroscope. Additionally, the forewings representing 711 colonies of A. m. iberiensis, 11 A. m. ligustica, 15 A. m. carnica and 12 A. m. caucasia were used as reference samples. To extract shape information, 19 anatomical landmarks were plotted across the veins’ intersections in the wing structures of all individuals. The analyses of wing shape were performed in MorphoJ using the Procrustes superimposition method. Shape differences were investigated through multivariate statistical analysis and Mahalanobis and Procrustes distances were used to construct a dendrogram of the morphological proximity. Results revealed the power of landmark-based methods to discriminate different honey bee populations from the Azores, and also to distinguish them from the subspecies of the reference collection. The wing geometric morphometrics patterns showed that while, overall, populations from the Azores exhibited a closer relationship with A. m. iberiensis, some populations, especially those from the islands of Graciosa, but also Terceira and Pico tended to cluster closer to A. m. ligustica, A. m. carnica. Several non-mutually exclusive factors can contribute to the observed wing patterns such as the recent human-mediated introductions of subspecies from Eastern Europe, and the founder effect resulting from honey bee introductions in historical times. Moreover, the particular insular environment and the barrier to gene flow due to geographical isolation possibly shaped the diversity patterns currently observed in the Azores.
- Morfometria geométrica aplicada ao estudo das asas Apis mellifera L. dos AçoresPublication . Ferreira, Helena; Machado, Clycie; Costa, Claudinéia; Francoy, Tiago M.; Pinto, M. AlicePopulações de abelha melífera (Apis mellifera) foram avaliadas pela primeira vez no arquipélago dos Açores usando a morfometria geométrica aplicada à forma das asas. As asas de abelhas de 473 colónias (5 por colónia) foram montadas numa lâmina e fotografadas. Para além destas, asas de abelhas de 711 colónias de A. m. iberiensis, 11 de A. m. ligustica e 15 de A. m. carnica foram usadas como subespécies de referência. Para extrair informação sobre a forma, 19 marcos anatómicos foram colocados nas intersecções das veias ao longo da estrutura das asas de todos os indivíduos. As análises da forma da asa foram realizadas no MorphoJ usando o método de sobreposição de Procrustes. As diferenças na forma da asa entre indivíduos foram analisadas recorrendo a métodos de estatística multivariada. Os resultados obtidos revelaram o poder dos métodos da morfometria geométrica baseados em marcos anatómicos para discriminar as diferentes populações de abelha melífera dos Açores, e também permitiram distingui- -las das subespécies de referência. Os padrões morfométricos das asas mostraram que as populações dos Açores exibem uma relação próxima com A. m. iberiensis, enquanto algumas populações, especialmente as da Graciosa, tendem a agrupar com A. m. ligustica e A. m. carnica. O efeito fundador resultante de introduções em tempos históricos juntamente com o ambiente insular, a barreira ao fluxo génico associada ao isolamento geográfico, e o fluxo génico recente associado à atividade apícola possivelmente moldaram os padrões de diversidade observados nos Açores.