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  • Treatment of textile wastewater using electrochemical oxidation
    Publication . Jebali, Sarra; Peres, António M.; Fajardo, Ana; Veloso, Ana; Hamrouni, Abdessalem
    Water pollution is a significant environmental issue, driven by contaminants from industrial, agricultural, and domestic sources. Recently, persistent organic compounds have emerged as major pollutants, prompting the need for more advanced treatment solutions. Although traditional methods such as filtration, adsorption, and biological processes have been applied, they often suffer from low efficiency, high energy costs, and the risk of secondary pollution. Therefore, electrochemical methods have gained attention as efficient alternatives, offering controlled and verifiable oxidation and reduction reactions for pollutant degradation, with the added benefits of versatility and minimal secondary waste. In this study, electrochemical oxidation was implemented to treat water pollutants, evaluating the performance of different anode materials boron-doped diamond (BDD), titanium coated with iridium dioxide (Ti/IrO₂), and titanium coated with ruthenium dioxide (Ti/RuO₂). In addition to electrode material, the effects of several key operational parameters were investigated, including current density, inter-electrode distance, mixing rate, and initial dye concentration, in order to determine their impact on color and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies. The BDD anode demonstrated superior performance, achieving 100% color removal consistently across all current densities, presenting optimal results. A current density of 0.06 A/cm² was selected as it offers ideal balance in terms of color and COD removal efficiency as well as cost-effectiveness, with COD removal reaching 30.3%. The operational parameters were systematically optimized to enhance the efficiency of the electrochemical oxidation process, and an inter-electrode distance of 0.5 cm was found to be the most effective, yielding the highest COD removal of 35.7 ± 0.56 (95% CI: [35.6, 35.9]; a mixing rate of 250 rpm led to a COD removal of 68.8 ± 0.67 (95% CI: [68.7, 68.9]); and an initial methylene blue concentration of 50 ppm resulted in the highest COD removal, reaching 80.9 ± 0.03 (95% CI: [80.7, 81.1]). These findings emphasize the potential of electrochemical oxidation, particularly using BDD anodes under optimized conditions, for efficient and sustainable water treatment.
    2025Dissertação de mestrado Acesso aberto Ver mais