Browsing by Author "Hassidou, Maroua"
Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- Assessment of grazing selectivity in relation to land cover: a comparison between sheep and goatsPublication . Hassidou, Maroua; Castro, José; Castro, Marina; El Aich, AhmedEach agroforestry system has developed differently to each ecological, economic and social region of the world. ln Portugal, the traditional agroforestry landscape of Terra Fria is a mosaic of very small patches of annual and perennial agriculture, shrub and woodlands. This patch diversity- composition and configuration - plays a vital role in supporting biodiversity. On the other hand, traditionallivestock systems are based on grazing itineraries searched for different functions- gathering and resting among others- on this landscape mosaic. These agroforestry systems can be considered as a sustainable landscape management which integrates agriculture, livestock and forest on the same land management base. Landscape attributes such as topography, land cover and land use patterns influence the organization of grazing circuits and patch selection. The comparison between land use territory and land use crossed by flocks can be seen as a result of grazing selectivity made by animais and shepherds. The analysis of grazing selectivity is carried out by calculating a selection ratio (SR) for each land cover type :% of land cover of grazing circuit/% of available land cover type. A SR of 1 means that and cover type is used in a random way; a SR lower than 1 means that land cover type is rejected and SR higher than1 means that that land cover type is preferred. We investigated the set of land use patches crossed by sheep and goats flocks during a year and we compare it to the landscape composition, in a village context. For each month, we calculated a Selectivity Index (SI) for each land use- annual crops, perennial crops, forests, pasture and natural grasslands and shrubs. Our results indicate that flock displacement patterns are related with the shepherd and animais perception of benefits and requirements. They are guided by a complex interpretation of land uses and expectations of profitsforage, shade o r circulation among patches- in function of environmental constraints and land use types occurring around villages. The seasonal variation of SR for each land use suggests that the itineraries vary along the year regarding the different needs of animais and the resources availability. Shepherds recognize this complexity and use them accordingly to manage the productivity of the system.
- Assessment of grazing selectivity in relation to land cover: a comparison between sheep and goatsPublication . Hassidou, Maroua; Castro, Marina; Castro, José; El Aich, AhmedPortugal’s Northeast production of sheep and goats are based on the exploitation of landscape by-products such as spontaneous native vegetation and agriculture leftovers. Shepherds tend the flocks throughout grazing itineraries every day, crossing a mosaic of patches of varied land uses. During the journey, the shepherd acts together with the sheep and goats to select each patch in creating an ordered sequence of land uses. The focus of the research is on the land-use composition of the grazing itineraries; determinate how they depend on the patterns of the landscape mosaic. It is utilized a data set of 26 monthly herd’s itineraries, 13 of sheep and 13 of goats, to investigate the relationship of the land uses crossed by the flocks and the land uses of the landscape, evaluating the land-use preferences and selectivity of the sheep and goats. It is utilized the divergences in the time spent and distance travelled by the herds and the area of the land uses in the landscape, the chi-square test to relate the preferred land used and the season, and the discriminate analysis to distinguish the preferences and the selectivity of the herd of sheep and the herd of goats. The herds of the sheep and the goats presented different land-use preferences over the seasons and the discriminant analysis shows that they have different landscape preferences. The herd of sheep has the highest selectivity indexes for the annual irrigated crops, the agricultural complex systems and the agroforestry land uses. The highest selectivity indexes for the herd of goats were found for the deciduous forest, the agriculture with natural and semi-natural spaces and the shrublands land uses. It was concluded that the landscape management for sheep and goats herding has to be different: the agricultural land uses are essential to the flocks of sheep and the forest land uses are decisive to the flocks of goats.
- Assessment of landscape selectivity in relation to grazing a comparison between sheep and goatsPublication . Hassidou, Maroua; Castro, José; El Aich, Ahmed; Castro, MarinaThe aim of this study is to understand how the daily grazing paths of sheep and goats in the silvopastoral systems of the North of Portugal are connected with the rural landscape. For this purpose, A herd of sheep and a herd of goats were monitored with GPS every month during one year in order to record their geographical position. The total data includes 3210 GPS positions, 1948 for the goat's ock and 1262 for the sheep ock. A GIS was used to identify the land cover class of each GPS position on the thematic map COS 2007 published by Portuguese Geographic Institute (http://www.igeo.pt). The land cover selection/rejection was estimated by the Krueger’s preference index (Krueger 1972). The discriminant analysis was used to determine which land cover classes discriminate between sheep and goats herds. Discriminant functions analysis was used to classify the sheep and goats positions and paths in order to distinguish the grazing landscapes of sheep and goats. it was assessed and compared the land cover types used by sheep and goats herds.
- Preferencia y selectividad del paisaje por rebaños de ovinos y caprinos en el nordeste de PortugalPublication . Castro, Marina; Hassidou, Maroua; Castro, JoséLas explotaciones ganaderas tradicionales de caprinos y ovinos en el norte de Portugal se fundamentan en el aprovechamiento de recursos vegetales espontáneos y/o de subproductos de la agricultura obtenidos por los rebaños en sus recorridos diarios por un paisaje rural muy diverso. Se trata de un mosaico heterogéneo cuyos distintos usos de suelo son preferidos y seleccionados por los rebaños según su estrategia espacial y temporal de aprovechamiento del paisaje. Este estudio se funda en el contraste entre los usos del suelo disponibles en el paisaje y esos que son utilizados por los rebaños en sus recorridos, exponiendo la importancia de la configuración del paisaje en los sistemas ganaderos tradicionales. En el curso de un año, se han señalizado cada mes y con recurso a GPS, los recorridos de dos rebaños (ovinos y caprinos). Se han identificado los usos del suelo preferidos mediante un Sistema de Información Geográfico, asimismo la selectividad diferenciada de ovinos y caprinos. Un análisis discriminante ha distinguido el paisaje de pastoreo preferido y seleccionado por unos y otros. Mientras el rebaño de ovinos ha preferido la matriz más agrícola del paisaje rural, en general, el de caprinos buscó la extremidad más forestal de ese mismo paisaje
- Preferencia y selectividad del paisaje por rebaños de ovinos y caprinos en el nordeste de PortugalPublication . Castro, Marina; Hassidou, Maroua; Castro, JoséLas explotaciones ganaderas tradicionales de caprinos y ovinos en el norte de Portugal se fundan en el aprovechamiento de recursos vegetales espontáneos y/o de subproductos de la agricultura obtenidos por los rebaños en sus recorridos diarios por un paisaje rural muy diverso. Se trata de un mosaico heterogéneo cuyos distintos usos de suelo son preferidos y seleccionados por los rebaños según su estrategia espacial y temporal de aprovechamiento del paisaje. Este estudio se basa en el contraste entre los usos del suelo disponibles en el paisaje y esos que son utilizados por los rebaños en sus recorridos, exponiendo la importancia de la configuración del paisaje en los sistemas ganaderos tradicionales. En el curso de un año, se han señalizado cada mes y con recurso a GPS, los recorridos de dos rebaños (ovinos y caprinos). El tiempo (hora) y el espacio (sitio/uso del suelo) correspondiente a cada minuto de los recorridos diarios de pastoreo se ha tomado con recurso a un equipo GPS una vez al mes, en un total de 26 recorridos muestreados, 13 para cada rebaño, en un total de 3210 puntos de muestreo. Se han identificado los usos del suelo preferidos mediante un Sistema de Información Geográfico, asimismo la selectividad diferenciada de ovinos y caprinos.