Percorrer por autor "Gabbard, Carl"
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- Effects of psychosocial variables in the similarity and interdependence of physical activity levels among adolescent best friend dyadsPublication . Lopes, Vitor P.; Gabbard, Carl; Rodrigues, Luis PauloGiven that physical activity (PA) tends to decrease with age during adolescence, addressing factors that affect change are important. The present study examined the similarity and interdependence of PA as influenced by psychosocial factors among adolescent best friend dyads. Six hundred and sixty (660) adolescents, representing 330 best friend dyads, completed questionnaires with regard to PA, sitting time, perceived exercise benefits and barriers, physical self-perception and social support for PA. Dyads were also identified as reciprocal and non-reciprocal best friends; reciprocal means that both considered each other best friends and non-reciprocal were those in which only one considered the other a best friend. Data were analysed using a hierarchical linear model framework. Results indicated significant similarities between reciprocal best friend dyads for PA and sitting time, and for sitting time in non-reciprocal best friends (ps <.01). Psychosocial variables were associated with PA in reciprocal best friend dyads and with sitting time in reciprocal and non-reciprocal best friend dyads. Best friend gender, regular sports practice of the person, perceived exercise barriers of the best friend and best friend social support, were the best predictors for PA.
- Physical activity in adolescents: examining Influence of the best friend dyadPublication . Lopes, Vitor P.; Gabbard, Carl; Rodrigues, Luis PauloPurpose: The aim of this study was to determine the influence of dyadic friendship relationships on adolescent physical activity (PA) behavior. Unique to this study was examination of the “best friend” dyad. Methods: Participants were 268 adolescents (13 e 18 years of age) of both sexes (boys n ¼ 140, girls n ¼ 128), constituting 134 best friendship dyads; 84 were reciprocal best friends and 50 were not. PA was evaluated with the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. The Actor-Partner Interdependence Model was tested using a hierarchical linear model. First, a null model was run to calculate intraclass correlation coefficient for each type of PA. Next, sex, age, and reciprocity in friendship were included in the model as PA predictors. Results: The null models revealed significant intraclass correlation coefficient values for vigorous PA (VPA) (.32) moderate PA (MPA) (.31), and sitting behavior (.21), but not for walking. Age was the only predictor for VPA, whereas for MPA the predictors were sex and age of the partner. Reciprocity in friendship (best friend) was not a significant predictor for PA. Conclusions: These results indicate a high degree of similarity between best friend dyad in PA, except for walking. The age and sex of the best friend (partner) were important predictors of MPA. The reciprocity in friendship (being reciprocal best friends) was not a relevant variable.