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Percorrer por autor "Ferreira, Alberto"

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  • Efecto del paisaje y del manejo del olivar sobre la polilla del olivo Prays oleae (Bernard)
    Publication . Villa, María; Santos, Sónia A.P.; Sousa, J. Paulo; Ferreira, Alberto; Silva, Pedro Martins; Patanita, M. Isabel; Ortega, M.; Pascual, Susana; Pereira, J.A.
    El manejo del paisaje y los cultivos puede constituir una herramienta importante para la implementación de estrategias de control biológico por conservación, como consecuencia de la contribución que el uso de diseños paisajísticos adecuados y la aplicación de determinados manejos pueden representar en el incremento de las necesidades y la acción de los enemigos naturales. En el presente trabajo fue realizado un estudio multi-escala sobre el efecto de la estructura del paisaje y el manejo del cultivo en la polilla del olivo, Prays oleae. Para ello, se analizó: (i) la respuesta de la plaga a la estructura del paisaje a diferentes escalas usando como variables explicativas diferentes índices de composición y configuración del paisaje previamente seleccionados; (ii) la respuesta de la plaga al manejo de olivar (integrado y orgánico). El análisis fue realizado mediante modelos aditivos generalizados mixtos. Los resultados indicaron que varios índices de composición del paisaje (índices de biodiversidad, presencia de matorrales y de otros cultivos) influenciaron negativamente la abundancia de la polilla del olivo siendo el efecto menor a escalas mayores. Sin embargo, el efecto de los índices de configuración no fue concluyente. La latitud y probablemente las diferencias climáticas se mostraron determinantes en la abundancia de la polilla del olivo. El manejo del cultivo sin embargo no afectó a la plaga. Por tanto, los diseños de la composición del paisaje a pequeña escala parecen ser cruciales para el control de la polilla del olivo. Cabe destacar que la configuración y el manejo a escalas mayores podrían ser importantes para otras plagas y enemigos naturales, debiendo tenerse en consideración en el diseño de estrategias para control biológico por conservación en olivar.
    2017Documento de conferência Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • Habitat structure and neighbor linear features influence more carabid functional diversity in olive groves than the farming system
    Publication . Silva, Pedro Martins; Oliveira, Joana Maria da Silva; Ferreira, Alberto; Fonseca, Felícia; Pereira, J.A.; Aguiar, Carlos; Serrano, Artur R.M.; Sousa, José Paulo; Santos, Sónia A.P.
    The effects of land-use management and environmental features at different scales on carabid beetle diversity and trait structure were assessed across olive groves in northeastern Portugal. We selected organic and integrated olive groves that were distinct in terms of specific management practices, local linear features and landscape configurations. Besides the management intensification levels, differences in carabid diversity and community traits were mainly due to local habitat and ecological linear structures at a finer spatial scale. Carabid community traits related to disturbance, namely traits of body size and species dispersal ability, responded to land-use intensity and particular olive grove features were influencing diversity patterns. Within the olive grove patches, larger and brachypterous species were associated to plots with more dense vegetation cover while macropterous and small-sized species were more associated to open areas. Also, larger carabid species benefitted from higher patch size heterogeneity within the landscape mosaics. Our findings indicate that the effects of farming system is contingent on the specific management practices, local and linear features present in agroecosystems such as olive groves. Particularly, the influence of local features on carabid diversity patterns and community traits linked to dispersal and movement may be crucial in maintaining pest control at a landscape scale.
    2017Artigo científico Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • Landscape composition and configuration affect the abundance of the olive moth (Prays oleae, Bernard) in olive groves
    Publication . Villa, Maria; Santos, Sónia A.P.; Sousa, José Paulo; Ferreira, Alberto; Silva, Pedro Martins; Patanita, M. Isabel; Ortega, Marta; Pascual, Susana; Pereira, J.A.
    Landscape and crop management are important concepts for conservation biological control as they can influence the abundance of natural enemies. In this work we accomplished a multi-scale study focused on the effect of landscape structure and crop management on the olive moth, Prays oleae (Bernard), an important pest of the olive tree (Olea europaea L.). The olive moth was collected in different olive groves managed under organic farming and integrated production and surrounded by different landscape structures. Generalized additive mixed models were used to analyze the response of the pest to (i) landscape composition and configuration indices, (ii) the management system and (iii) pesticides applications at different scales. Results indicated that the landscape composition, through the effect of the Simpson’s diversity index, negatively influenced P. oleae abundance and that the effect was evident at larger scales. Also, the landscape configuration negatively affected P. oleae at larger scales. However, neither the crop management system nor the pesticide applications affected P. oleae abundance. This study emphasizes that the preservation or implementation of diverse and complex landscapes can contribute to maintain lower population levels of P. oleae when compared with homogenous landscape areas.
    2020Artigo científico Acesso aberto Ver mais