Browsing by Author "Bouerjilat, Hamza"
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- Pattern and function of woody features on the grazing itineraries of Terra Fria, Trás–os–Montes – PortugalPublication . Bouerjilat, Hamza; Castro, José; Castro, Marina; Mejjati–Alami, MohammedThe trees, hedgerows and woods are current configuration of the tree network in several ecological regions of the world. In Trás–os–Montes region, Northeast of Portugal, they are a traditional component of Terra fria landscape and they could be seen in several forms: scatter trees, fencerows, small woodlots, riparian buffer strips, among others. The extensive livestock systems in this region are based on a set of circuits across the landscape. In this practice, flocks interacts with these structures using them for different functions inducing an influence on the itineraries. Our purpose will be focused on the woody features of landscape regarding their configurations, abundance and spacial distribution; in order to examine how the grazing systems depends on the currency of these formations; particularly how species flocks behaviors are related on. Depending on spatial data, The investigation attain to compare the tree network within the agriculture matrix, to the grazed territory crossed by flocks. From the other side, the importance of spatial data on interpreting the issue by suggesting different parameter that may influence the circuits. The recognition of the pressure exerciced by the occurence of the woody structures on the grazed circuits is possible. We believe that the role of these woody structures features in supporting the tradicional silvopastoral systems has been sufficiently strong for change their distribution pattern.
- The silvopastoral landscape: patterns and functions of woody features of the territory crossed by flocks of sheep and goatsPublication . Bouerjilat, Hamza; Castro, Marina; Castro, JoséMultipurpose trees is a common type of agroforestry in several ecological regions ofthe world. In Trasos- Mantes region, Northeast of Portugal, they are a traditional component of Terra fria landscape and they could be seen in several forms: scatter trees, hedgerows, small wood lots, among others. Additionally, extensive livestock systems in this region are based on grazing itineraries across the landscape. In this practice flocks interacts with these structures using them for different purposes. Our purpose will be focused on woody features of landscape regarding species composition and shapes, their abundance and spacial distribution in order to examine how the grazing systems depends on the occurrence of these formations; particularly how animal species flocks composition are related on. By comparing the network of woody features in agriculture matrix with to grazing territory crossed by flocks, it is possible to recognize how the influence of grazing in the occurrence of these structures is. We believe that the role of these woody structures features in supporting of traditional silvopastoral systems has been sufficiently strong to change their distribution pattern. Single trees, hedgerows and wood lots structures associated with thirteen sheep flock journeys considering five different buffers -10, 20, 50, 100 and 200 meters- were recorded. Seasonality is very important to distinguish the sheep grazing itineraries. During autumn and spring, single trees and hedgerows are very demanded by shepherds and sheep. During summer and winter, these tree features seems not so important to decide the grazing journey. Single trees, hedgerows and wood lots are managed and configured to allow an optimum use of the landscape by sheep during the year. The animal behavior in each season determines the use of these structures.