Percorrer por autor "Augustin, Jean Christophe"
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- Risk factors for sporadic infections caused by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli: a systematic review and meta-analysisPublication . Augustin, Jean Christophe; Kooh, Pauline; Mughini-Gras, Lapo; Guillier, Laurent; Thébault, Anne; Audiat-Perrin, Frédérique; Cadavez, Vasco; Gonzales-Barron, Ursula; Sanaa, MoezShiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are an important cause of foodborne disease associated with clinical outcomes ranging from mild intestinal discomfort to haemolytic uremic syndrome, including end-stage renal disease and death. The objective of this study was to synthetize evidence on risk factors for sporadic STEC infection by meta-analysing outcomes from available case-control studies. Suitable scientific articles were identified through a systematic literature search, and assessed for methodological quality. From each study, odds ratios (OR) were extracted along with study characteristics such as the population, design, statistical model used and risk factor hierarchy. Mixed-effects meta-analytical models were adjusted by population type to appropriate data partitions. The quality assessment stage was passed by 29 studies investigating sporadic STEC infection conducted between 1986 and 2013. These studies provided 493 ORs for meta-analysis. The main risk factors for STEC infection were foreign travel, contact with ill people, farm animals or their environment, food consumption and exposure to untreated drinking water. Concerning food exposures, this meta-analysis confirmed known risk factors, such as consumption of beef (especially when undercooked) and other meats (barbecued meat, donner kebab meat and meat casseroles), processed meat, ready-to-eat meat, composite foods, and raw milk consumption by children. Newly identified food vehicles were chicken and fish. Produce (fruits/vegetables) was not associated with sporadic STEC infection.
- Risk factors for sporadic listeriosis: a systematic review and meta-analysisPublication . Leclercq, Alexandre; Kooh, Pauline; Augustin, Jean Christophe; Guillier, Laurent; Thébault, Anne; Cadavez, Vasco; Gonzales-Barron, Ursula; Sanaa, MoezListeriosis is a major public health concern associated with high hospitalization and mortality rates. The objective of this work was to summarize evidence on the associations between risk factors and sporadic cases by meta-analysing outcomes from currently published case-control studies. Suitable scientific articles were identified through systematic literature search, and subjected to a methodological quality assessment. From each study, odds-ratio (OR) measures as well as study characteristics such as population type, design, type of model and risk factor hierarchy were extracted. Mixed-effects meta-analysis models were adjusted by population type to appropriate data partitions. Twelve primary studies investigating sporadic listeriosis conducted between 1985 and 2013 passed through a quality assessment stage. These studies provided 226 OR considered for meta-analysis. According to the meta-analysis, the main risk factor for acquiring listeriosis is suffering from an immunocompromising disease. In relation to the food exposures, this meta-analysis confirmed known risk factors such as consumption of RTE dairy, seafood and processed meat and underlined new food vehicles as fruits and vegetables, recently involved in outbreaks. There were not enough data to appraise travel, animal-contact and person-to-person as transmission pathways for listeriosis. These results will allow refining the case-control studies in the aim of improving risk factors characterisation for listeriosis in the susceptible population.