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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Las plantas silvestres comestibles representan una interesante alternativa en
alimentación, por ser fuentes de colores y sabores inusuales, así como por su
composición química y nutricional. En concreto, Allium ampeloprasum L. posee un
gran potencial nutricional con presencia de compuestos antioxidantes de interés para la
salud. Diversos estudios epidemiológicos han demostrado los efectos beneficiosos del
consumo de diversas especies pertenecientes al género Allium, destacando sus efectos
anticancerígenos.
En el presente trabajo se estudia el contenido de nutrientes (hidratos de carbono,
proteínas, grasa y minerales), compuestos bioactivos (ácidos orgánicos, vitamina C,
tocoferoles, perfil de ácidos grasos) y actividad antioxidante (DPPH, poder reductor,
inhibición de la decoloración del β-caroteno y TBARS) de los bulbos de A.
ampeloprasum (ajoporro o puerro). Para ello, se recolectaron muestras de bulbos
silvestres de A. ampeloprasum en dos localidades diferentes del centro peninsular
durante tres años consecutivos (2007-2009), sobre los cuales se llevaron a cabo los
análisis mencionados.
A pesar de la amplia variabilidad natural detectada, esta planta destacó por ser una
buena fuente de fibra (3,5 – 4,7 g/100 g), hierro (0,20 – 0,92 mg/100 g) y cinc (0,03 –
1,67 mg/100 g) en comparación con otras especies del mismo género, así como por su
bajo valor calórico (59-97 Kcal/100 g). Asimismo, presentó un alto porcentaje de ácidos
grasos poliinsaturados, siendo el ácido linoleico el principal ácido graso (53% del total
de ácidos grasos). Se obtuvieron valores equilibrados en cuanto a la presencia de
compuestos bioactivos hidrófilos y lipófilos en esta planta. La bioactividad de este
bulbo se caracterizó mejor por los métodos de poder reductor (correlacionado con los
tocoferoles) y TBARS (correlacionado con los compuestos fenólicos totales).
Wild edible plants represent an interesting alternative for food uses, as sources of unusual colors and flavors, as well as due to its chemical and nutritional composition. Specifically, Allium ampeloprasum L. has a great nutritional potential as it presents antioxidant compounds with health interest. Different epidemiological studies have shown the beneficial effects of the consumption of various species of the genus Allium, highlighting its anticancer effects. In the present work, the nutritional composition (carbohydrates, proteins, fat and minerals), bioactive compounds (organic acids, vitamin C, tocopherols and fatty acids) and antioxidant activity (DPPH, reducing power, inhibition of β-carotene bleaching and TBARS methods) of wild leek bulbs (A. Ampeloprasum) were studied. Samples were collected in two different locations in the center of the Iberian Peninsula for three consecutive years (2007-2009), on which the aforementioned analyzes were conducted. Despite the large natural variability detected, this plant stood out as a good source of fiber (3.5 to 4.7 g/100 g), iron (0.20 to 0.92 mg/100 g) and zinc (0.03 to 1.67 mg/100 g), compared to other species of the same genus, as well as due to its low energy value (59- 97 Kcal/100 g). Also wild leek bulbs showed a high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids, being linoleic acid the major one (53% of total fatty acids). Values were balanced in terms of the presence of hydrophilic and lipophilic bioactive compounds in this plant. The bioactivity of this bulb was better characterized by reducing power assay (correlated with tocopherols) and TBARS (correlated with total phenolic compounds).
Wild edible plants represent an interesting alternative for food uses, as sources of unusual colors and flavors, as well as due to its chemical and nutritional composition. Specifically, Allium ampeloprasum L. has a great nutritional potential as it presents antioxidant compounds with health interest. Different epidemiological studies have shown the beneficial effects of the consumption of various species of the genus Allium, highlighting its anticancer effects. In the present work, the nutritional composition (carbohydrates, proteins, fat and minerals), bioactive compounds (organic acids, vitamin C, tocopherols and fatty acids) and antioxidant activity (DPPH, reducing power, inhibition of β-carotene bleaching and TBARS methods) of wild leek bulbs (A. Ampeloprasum) were studied. Samples were collected in two different locations in the center of the Iberian Peninsula for three consecutive years (2007-2009), on which the aforementioned analyzes were conducted. Despite the large natural variability detected, this plant stood out as a good source of fiber (3.5 to 4.7 g/100 g), iron (0.20 to 0.92 mg/100 g) and zinc (0.03 to 1.67 mg/100 g), compared to other species of the same genus, as well as due to its low energy value (59- 97 Kcal/100 g). Also wild leek bulbs showed a high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids, being linoleic acid the major one (53% of total fatty acids). Values were balanced in terms of the presence of hydrophilic and lipophilic bioactive compounds in this plant. The bioactivity of this bulb was better characterized by reducing power assay (correlated with tocopherols) and TBARS (correlated with total phenolic compounds).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Allium ampeloprasum L. Compuestos bioactivos Composición nutricional Capacidad antioxidante
Contexto Educativo
Citação
García-Herrera, P.; Morales, P.; Fernández-Ruiz, V.; Sánchez-Mata, M.C.; Cámara,
M.; Carvalho, A.M.; Ferreira, I.C.F.R.; Molina, M.; Tardío, J. (2013). Evaluación nutricional y de la actividad biológica de los bulbos silvestres de Allium ampeloprasum L. In XVII Congreso Ibérico de Agroingeniería y Ciencias Hortícolas. Madrid. ISBN 978-84-695-8844-4