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Abstract(s)
Uma permanência crescente de crianças em creches ou escolas obrigou a diversos
organismos a darem uma resposta às necessidades relacionadas com a sua alimentação,
nomeadamente o Ministério da Educação - através da publicação de alguns documentos,
assim como da responsabilidade de gerir os refeitórios dos 2º e 3º Ciclos dos Ensinos
Básico (CEB) e Secundário -, e os municípios - com a gestão dos refeitórios nos
estabelecimentos de educação pré-escolar e do ensino básico.
Assim, o principal objetivo do presente trabalho foi o de proceder à caracterização de
oito cantinas escolares do concelho de Chaves ao nível das infraestruturas, das Boas
Práticas de higiene e de fabrico, de outros pontos incluídos no Programa de Pré-
Requisitos (PPR), e do cumprimento de terem implementado um sistema de HACCP.
Para tal, foram produzidos documentos de trabalho, designadamente inquéritos e listas
de verificação.
Das oito cantinas estudadas, sete pertencem a três agrupamentos escolares e uma ao
Instituto de Emprego e Formação Profissional (IEFP); quatro estão sob gestão
concessionada e as outras quatro sob gestão das próprias escolas. Verificou-se que em
todas elas se detetaram não conformidades ao nível das condições técnico-sanitárias (ex.
pavimento e teto não adequados, e lava-mãos apenas com água fria) e das Boas Práticas
de Higiene Pessoal e de Fabrico avaliadas in loco (ex. ausência de um horário próprio
para a receção de produtos, de fichas de verificação da receção dos mesmos, falta de
registos de temperatura dos banhos-maria e estufas, a não separação dos géneros
alimentícios por famílias aquando do seu armazenamento e o seu acondicionamento
inadequado nos frigoríficos ou arcas). No que se refere às Boas Práticas de Higiene
Pessoal, constatou-se o uso de bijutaria pelos manipuladores, e que estes, na sua
maioria, não colocavam todos os objetos de uso pessoal no cacifo. Ao nível de Outros
Pontos do Programa de Pré-Requisitos, verificou-se em algumas cantinas o não
cumprimento do Plano de Controlo de Pragas e a não existência de Planos de
Manutenção e de Higienização. Refira-se que uma das cantinas não possuía um Plano
de HACCP implementado, estando assim em incumprimento face à legislação europeia.
Relativamente à perceção das Boas Práticas de Higiene Pessoal por parte dos
operadores, constatou-se que estes reconhecem a importância do seu estado de saúde e da lavagem das mãos. Contudo em relação à bijutaria, a maioria dos operadores referem
não a usar durante o trabalho, contradizendo o observado in loco.
A partir destes resultados, elaboraram-se diagnósticos por agrupamento e para cada
cantina, que incluíram as não conformidades detetadas. Aconselha-se as direções dos
agrupamentos a proceder à correção imediata das não conformidades detetadas em cada
uma das cantinas, com vista à melhoria do serviço prestado pelas mesmas.
The higher permanence of children in nurseries or schools obliged many organizations to give response to the needs related to their feeding, namely the Ministry of Education - through the publication of some documents and by the responsibility of management of canteens of the 2nd and 3rd cycles of Basic Teaching, as well as of the secondary level-, and municipalities - with the management of canteens in pre-school and basic education establishments. Thus, the main objective of this study was to characterize eight school canteens in Chaves municipality in terms of infrastructure, Good Personal Hygiene and Manufacturing Practices, other points included in the Prerequisites Program (PPR), and the fulfillment of implementation of an HACCP system. To this end, several working papers, including surveys and checklists, were produced. Of the eight canteens studied, seven belonged to three school groups and one to the Institute of Employment and Vocational Training (IEFP); four are under concession management and the other under the management of the schools. Nonconformities at infrastructure level (ex. floor and ceiling not adequate, equipment to wash hands supplied only with cold water) and on Good Personal Hygiene and Manufacturing Practices assessed in loco (ex. absence of a specific period for goods reception and of checklists to evaluate their quality, lack of records of water baths and ovens temperatures, non-separation of food by families when stored, and their inappropriate packaging in refrigerators or freezers) were found in all canteens. Concerning the Good Personal Hygiene Practices it was found that manipulators used jewelry and they did not put all their personal belongings in the locker. Regarding Other Points of the Prerequisites Program, in some canteens the Pest Control Plan was not followed and the Maintenance and Sanitation Plans did not exist. It should be mentioned that in one of the canteens it was not implemented an HACCP Plan and so, this canteen was not complying the European legislation. Regarding the operators perception on Good Personal Hygiene Practices, food manipulators recognize the importance of their health status and hand washing. However, most operators indicated not using jewelry during labor, contradicting the observed in loco. From these results, a diagnostic document was formulated for each school group and canteen, which included the detected nonconformities. Moreover, in this document it is advised that the school directions should undertake the immediate corrections of the non conformities detected, in order to improve the service provided by their canteens.
The higher permanence of children in nurseries or schools obliged many organizations to give response to the needs related to their feeding, namely the Ministry of Education - through the publication of some documents and by the responsibility of management of canteens of the 2nd and 3rd cycles of Basic Teaching, as well as of the secondary level-, and municipalities - with the management of canteens in pre-school and basic education establishments. Thus, the main objective of this study was to characterize eight school canteens in Chaves municipality in terms of infrastructure, Good Personal Hygiene and Manufacturing Practices, other points included in the Prerequisites Program (PPR), and the fulfillment of implementation of an HACCP system. To this end, several working papers, including surveys and checklists, were produced. Of the eight canteens studied, seven belonged to three school groups and one to the Institute of Employment and Vocational Training (IEFP); four are under concession management and the other under the management of the schools. Nonconformities at infrastructure level (ex. floor and ceiling not adequate, equipment to wash hands supplied only with cold water) and on Good Personal Hygiene and Manufacturing Practices assessed in loco (ex. absence of a specific period for goods reception and of checklists to evaluate their quality, lack of records of water baths and ovens temperatures, non-separation of food by families when stored, and their inappropriate packaging in refrigerators or freezers) were found in all canteens. Concerning the Good Personal Hygiene Practices it was found that manipulators used jewelry and they did not put all their personal belongings in the locker. Regarding Other Points of the Prerequisites Program, in some canteens the Pest Control Plan was not followed and the Maintenance and Sanitation Plans did not exist. It should be mentioned that in one of the canteens it was not implemented an HACCP Plan and so, this canteen was not complying the European legislation. Regarding the operators perception on Good Personal Hygiene Practices, food manipulators recognize the importance of their health status and hand washing. However, most operators indicated not using jewelry during labor, contradicting the observed in loco. From these results, a diagnostic document was formulated for each school group and canteen, which included the detected nonconformities. Moreover, in this document it is advised that the school directions should undertake the immediate corrections of the non conformities detected, in order to improve the service provided by their canteens.
Description
Keywords
Cantinas escolares Infraestruturas Boas práticas de higiene e fabrico Outros pontos do programa de pré-requisitos