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Abstract(s)
O escasso conhecimento do comportamento da madeira dificulta a sua utilização em projeto. O conhecimento das suas características e propriedades e os fatores que influenciam o seu comportamento físico e mecânico ajudarão a inverter esta tendência.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as propriedades físicas e mecânicas de duas espécies de madeira: o castanho e o carvalho. Numa primeira fase foi feita uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre estas duas espécies de madeira, em função: da origem; formação; singularidades e características básicas, atendendo à maior importância para o desempenho estrutural, como o teor em água, variação dimensional e massa volúmica. Foi dada especial atenção à leitura das várias normas e procedimentos relativos à caracterização mecânica da madeira. Numa segunda fase do trabalho foram efetuados diferentes ensaios em laboratório para verificação e análise dessas propriedades. Os ensaios foram divididos em dois grupos: estudo da variação dimensional das duas espécies de madeira, na presença de água; e avaliação do comportamento mecânico, através de ensaios à tração, para melhor compreensão das características e comparação com outras madeiras. Foi estabelecido um programa de ensaios laboratoriais criterioso, com base em procedimentos normativos e estudos recentes da bibliografia, tendo sido ainda desenvolvidos procedimentos de ensaio adicionais.
The limited knowledge in wood behaviour prevents their use in design. The knowledge of its proprieties and characteristics but also the factors that influence its physic and mechanic behaviour will help to invert this tendency. The main goal of this work was to evaluate the physic and mechanical properties in two species of wood: the chestnut and the oak. In a first step a bibliographical research was conducted about these two species of wood, depending on: the origin; formation; singularities and basic characteristics, according to major importance for the structural development, such as water content, dimension variation and density. It has been given special attention to the reading of multiple standards and procedures, respecting the mechanical characterization of wood. In a second phase of the work, different tests in laboratory for verification and analysis of those properties were performed. The tests were divided in two groups: dimensional variation study for two wood species, in the presence of water; and evaluation of the mechanical behaviour by traction tests, in order to better understand those characteristics and comparison with other wood species. It has been established a schedule of thorough laboratory examination based on normative procedures and recent studies of the literature, having been developed as well additional test procedures.
The limited knowledge in wood behaviour prevents their use in design. The knowledge of its proprieties and characteristics but also the factors that influence its physic and mechanic behaviour will help to invert this tendency. The main goal of this work was to evaluate the physic and mechanical properties in two species of wood: the chestnut and the oak. In a first step a bibliographical research was conducted about these two species of wood, depending on: the origin; formation; singularities and basic characteristics, according to major importance for the structural development, such as water content, dimension variation and density. It has been given special attention to the reading of multiple standards and procedures, respecting the mechanical characterization of wood. In a second phase of the work, different tests in laboratory for verification and analysis of those properties were performed. The tests were divided in two groups: dimensional variation study for two wood species, in the presence of water; and evaluation of the mechanical behaviour by traction tests, in order to better understand those characteristics and comparison with other wood species. It has been established a schedule of thorough laboratory examination based on normative procedures and recent studies of the literature, having been developed as well additional test procedures.
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Keywords
Madeira Variação dimensional Tração