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HĂĄ muito que o Homem usufrui e explora os recursos associados aos ecossistemas aquĂĄticos. Muitas vezes esta exploração de recursos aquĂcolas, entre os quais a pesca assume vital importĂąncia, Ă© feita indiscriminadamente, fazendo com que o prĂłprio homem se debruce sobre a problemĂĄtica da sustentabilidade de populaçÔes e comunidades piscĂcolas. Foi nesta perspetiva e com o intuito de contribuir para a formulação das melhores açÔes de gestĂŁo e ordenamento dos recursos aquĂcolas que se recorreu ao testemunho dos pescadores desportivos da regiĂŁo, a fim de obter informação da sua atividade piscatĂłria atravĂ©s da realização de inquĂ©ritos. Desta forma, a partir dum universo de 100 inquiridos, foram caraterizados diversos aspetos ligados Ă pesca lĂșdica e desportiva (tendo em conta a atividade desenvolvida nos anos de 2011 e 2012): perfil dos pescadores, preferĂȘncias pelo tipo de massa hĂdrica, frequĂȘncias de viagens, motivação, gastos despendidos, espĂ©cies capturadas, participação em competiçÔes, vigilĂąncia e legislação existente e abordagens complementares, como a formação e educação ambiental e a necessidade de repensar a pesca na regiĂŁo. Os resultados obtidos reforçam a necessidade de mais organização e especialmente comunicação entre todos os utilizadores, nomeadamente pescadores, serviços estatais e investigação.
De forma complementar, foram realizados inventĂĄrios piscĂcolas para atualização da distribuição de espĂ©cies piscĂcolas na rede hĂdrica, e evolução do ratio entre espĂ©cies autĂłctones e exĂłticas, cuja expansĂŁo tem sido evidente nas Ășltimas dĂ©cadas. Foram selecionados 28 locais de amostragem nas bacias dos rios Sabor e Tua que mostraram a boa qualidade biolĂłgica patente nos setores superiores, i.e. uma presença quase exclusiva de peixes autĂłctones (e.g. truta, barbo, boga, bordalo). Por outro lado, os setores mĂ©dios e inferiores ao acumular diferentes impactos de natureza antrĂłpica facilitam a invasĂŁo e estabelecimento de espĂ©cies alienĂgenas (e.g. perca-sol, achigĂŁ, lĂșcio, lucioperca). No futuro prĂłximo, os Aproveitamentos HidroelĂ©tricos do Baixo Sabor e de Foz Tua, com a criação de extensas albufeiras, vĂŁo criar novas oportunidades para a pesca desportiva, justificando a definição de planos estratĂ©gicos para a gestĂŁo eficiente dos recursos da regiĂŁo. No entanto, a contenção e mitigação de impactos Ă© fundamental para a preservação de setores de boa integridade ecolĂłgica, precisamente nos setores superiores onde nĂŁo sĂł a truta, como os ciprinĂdeos endĂ©micos, sĂŁo um recurso valioso em temos da pesca lĂșdica e desportiva, mas essencialmente em termos de conservação.
Como tĂ©cnica de gestĂŁo piscĂcola realizaram-se ainda repovoamentos de truta na ribeira de S. CibrĂŁo, curso de ĂĄgua de montanha da bacia do Tua, onde as populaçÔes nativas tinham desaparecido, com baixo sucesso nos resultados obtidos. T
here is much that man enjoys and explores the resources associated to aquatic ecosystems. Often this exploration of aquatic resources, including fishing activity importance, is done indiscriminately, causing the man himself to look into the issue of sustainability of fish populations. It was in this perspective and in order to contribute to the development of best management actions and planning of aquatic resources that appealed to the testimony of fishermen sports in the region, in order to get information of their fishing activity by conducting inquires. Thus from a universe of 100 respondents, were featured various aspects related to sports and recreational fishing (taking into account the activity developed in the year 2011): profile of fishermen, preferences for the type of water mass (lentic vs. lotic environments), frequency of travel, motivation, expenses incurred, fish species caught, participate in contests, and monitoring existing legislation and complementary approaches such as training and environmental education and the need to rethink fishing in the region. The results reinforce the need for more organization and especially communication between all users, including fishermen, government departments and research. Complementarily, fish inventories were conducted to update the distribution of fish species in the water network, and evolution of the ratio between native and exotic species, whose expansion has been evident in recent decades. We selected 28 sampling sites in the basins of Sabor and Tua who showed good biological quality in superior sectors, considering the presence of native fish (e.g. brown trout, and Iberian endemic cyprinid fishes, like northern barbel, chub, calandino and Douro nase). On the other hand, different impacts of anthropogenic nature, contributed to facilitate the invasion and establishment of alien species (e.g. pumpkinseed, black bass, pike, pikeperch) in the lower and middle sectors. In the near future, the hydroelectric plants located in the Sabor (AHBS) and Tua (AHFT) rivers, will create new opportunities for sport fishing, with the creation of large reservoirs, justifying the definition of a strategic plan for the efficient management of resources in the region. However, contention measures and mitigation of impacts are fundamental to preserve the ecological integrity areas, most of them located in the headwaters of both rivers where not only trout and endemic cyprinids are a valuable resource in terms of sport and recreational fishing but mainly in terms of conservation. Stocking, as a management technique fish commonly used in the region, was also implemented in a mountain watercourse, S. CibrĂŁo stream, where native populations had disappeared, with low success results.
here is much that man enjoys and explores the resources associated to aquatic ecosystems. Often this exploration of aquatic resources, including fishing activity importance, is done indiscriminately, causing the man himself to look into the issue of sustainability of fish populations. It was in this perspective and in order to contribute to the development of best management actions and planning of aquatic resources that appealed to the testimony of fishermen sports in the region, in order to get information of their fishing activity by conducting inquires. Thus from a universe of 100 respondents, were featured various aspects related to sports and recreational fishing (taking into account the activity developed in the year 2011): profile of fishermen, preferences for the type of water mass (lentic vs. lotic environments), frequency of travel, motivation, expenses incurred, fish species caught, participate in contests, and monitoring existing legislation and complementary approaches such as training and environmental education and the need to rethink fishing in the region. The results reinforce the need for more organization and especially communication between all users, including fishermen, government departments and research. Complementarily, fish inventories were conducted to update the distribution of fish species in the water network, and evolution of the ratio between native and exotic species, whose expansion has been evident in recent decades. We selected 28 sampling sites in the basins of Sabor and Tua who showed good biological quality in superior sectors, considering the presence of native fish (e.g. brown trout, and Iberian endemic cyprinid fishes, like northern barbel, chub, calandino and Douro nase). On the other hand, different impacts of anthropogenic nature, contributed to facilitate the invasion and establishment of alien species (e.g. pumpkinseed, black bass, pike, pikeperch) in the lower and middle sectors. In the near future, the hydroelectric plants located in the Sabor (AHBS) and Tua (AHFT) rivers, will create new opportunities for sport fishing, with the creation of large reservoirs, justifying the definition of a strategic plan for the efficient management of resources in the region. However, contention measures and mitigation of impacts are fundamental to preserve the ecological integrity areas, most of them located in the headwaters of both rivers where not only trout and endemic cyprinids are a valuable resource in terms of sport and recreational fishing but mainly in terms of conservation. Stocking, as a management technique fish commonly used in the region, was also implemented in a mountain watercourse, S. CibrĂŁo stream, where native populations had disappeared, with low success results.
Description
Keywords
Pescadores Questionårios Peixes Distribuição Repovoamentos
Citation
Miranda, Fernando Jorge Veloso (2012). A pesca lĂșdica e desportiva no Nordeste Transmontano (Bacia do Douro, Portugal). Bragança: Escola Superior AgrĂĄria. Dissertação de Mestrado em GestĂŁo de Recursos Florestais
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Escola Superior Agråria