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Neste trabalho avalia-se o estado nutricional da quinoa em resposta a diferentes doses de azoto e regimes de rega. Para o efeito, utilizou-se um delineamento experimental em blocos subdivididos com quatro níveis de azoto (0, 67, 133 e 200 kg/ha-1) e três regimes de rega: sequeiro (R0); regadio com dotação correspondente a 50% das necessidades de rega (R1); 100% das necessidades de rega (R2).
O ensaio foi instalado na Quinta de Santa Apolónia da Escola Superior Agrária do Instituto Politécnico de Bragança (Latitude, 41° 47' 52.06" N e Longitude, 6° 45' 58.65" W) localizada no distrito de Bragança, nordeste de Portugal.
O estado nutricional foi avaliado através da medição da intensidade da cor verde das folhas por meio do aparelho portátil SPAD-502 plus e da composição mineral das folhas e das plantas inteiras.
As doses crescentes de azoto afetaram significativamente os valores de SPAD que aumentaram de uma forma linear com a dose de azoto, o que mostra de forma inequívoca a influência deste nutriente no conteúdo em clorofila. O valor médio mais elevado foi de 56,9 no tratamento N3 e o mais baixo foi de 50 registado no tratamento N0.
A fertilização azotada, afetou significativamente o teor de azoto na planta, tendo-se observado uma maior concentração no tratamento N3 (25,8 g kg-1) valor que diferiu significativamente dos teores nas folhas dos tratamentos N0 e N1 (18,2 g kg-1 e 20,3 g kg-1, respetivamente). A concentração de N nas folhas do tratamento N2 (cerca de 25 g kg-1) foi significativamente superior à concentração de N nas folhas do tratamento N0.
A fertilização azotada afetou ainda, significativamente, a biomassa produzida sendo que foi no tratamento N2 que se verificou a maior produção (16,75 Mg ha-1), embora sem diferenças significativas em relação aos tratamentos N3 (16,03 Mg ha-1) e N1 (14,49 Mg ha-1). A produção obtida no tratamento N0 foi significativamente inferior (7,34 Mg ha-1). Nas condições desta experiência o máximo de produção de matéria seca parece estar associado à aplicação de 140 kg ha-1 de N.
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A quantidade de azoto recuperado pelas plantas aumentou com o aumento da dose aplicada. Nos tratamentos N2 e N3 a planta recuperou uma quantidade muito semelhante de azoto designadamente (270 kg/ha-1).
This work evaluates the nutritional status of quinoa in response to different nitrogen rates and irrigation regimes. The experiment was installed in a split block design with four nitrogen levels (0, 67, 133 and 200 kg ha-1) and three irrigation regimes: rainfed (R0); irrigated with 50 (R1); and 100% (R2) of irrigation requirements. The experiment was carried out at the Quinta de Santa Apolónia, at the Higher Agricultural School of the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança (Latitude, 41 ° 47 '52.06 "N and Longitude, 6 ° 45' 58.65" W) located in Bragança district, northeastern Portugal. The nutritional status was evaluated by measuring the intensity of the green color of the leaves by means of the portable device SPAD-502 plus and the mineral composition of leaves and whole plants. Increasing doses of nitrogen significantly affected SPAD values that increased linearly with the nitrogen dose, which unequivocally shows the influence of this nutrient on chlorophyll content. The highest mean value was 56.9 in the N3 treatment and the lowest was 50 in the N0 treatment. Nitrogen fertilization significantly affected the nitrogen content in the plant, with a higher concentration in the N3 treatment (25.8 g kg-1), which differed significantly from the N0 and N1 treatments (18.2 g kg-1 and 20.3 g kg-1, respectively). The concentration of N in the leaves of the N2 treatment (about 25 g kg-1) was significantly higher than the N concentration in the leaves of the N0 treatment. Nitrogen fertilization also significantly affected the production of biomass. The highest production (16.75 Mg ha-1) was observed in the N2 treatment (16.03 Mg ha-1) and N1 (14.49 Mg ha-1) treatments. The yield obtained in the N0 treatment was significantly lower (7.34 Mg ha-1). Under the conditions of this experiment the maximum dry matter production seems to be associated with the application of 140 kg ha-1 of N. The amount of nitrogen recovered by the plants increased with increasing dose applied. In the N2 and N3 treatments the plant recovered a very similar amount of nitrogen namely (270 kg / ha-1).
This work evaluates the nutritional status of quinoa in response to different nitrogen rates and irrigation regimes. The experiment was installed in a split block design with four nitrogen levels (0, 67, 133 and 200 kg ha-1) and three irrigation regimes: rainfed (R0); irrigated with 50 (R1); and 100% (R2) of irrigation requirements. The experiment was carried out at the Quinta de Santa Apolónia, at the Higher Agricultural School of the Polytechnic Institute of Bragança (Latitude, 41 ° 47 '52.06 "N and Longitude, 6 ° 45' 58.65" W) located in Bragança district, northeastern Portugal. The nutritional status was evaluated by measuring the intensity of the green color of the leaves by means of the portable device SPAD-502 plus and the mineral composition of leaves and whole plants. Increasing doses of nitrogen significantly affected SPAD values that increased linearly with the nitrogen dose, which unequivocally shows the influence of this nutrient on chlorophyll content. The highest mean value was 56.9 in the N3 treatment and the lowest was 50 in the N0 treatment. Nitrogen fertilization significantly affected the nitrogen content in the plant, with a higher concentration in the N3 treatment (25.8 g kg-1), which differed significantly from the N0 and N1 treatments (18.2 g kg-1 and 20.3 g kg-1, respectively). The concentration of N in the leaves of the N2 treatment (about 25 g kg-1) was significantly higher than the N concentration in the leaves of the N0 treatment. Nitrogen fertilization also significantly affected the production of biomass. The highest production (16.75 Mg ha-1) was observed in the N2 treatment (16.03 Mg ha-1) and N1 (14.49 Mg ha-1) treatments. The yield obtained in the N0 treatment was significantly lower (7.34 Mg ha-1). Under the conditions of this experiment the maximum dry matter production seems to be associated with the application of 140 kg ha-1 of N. The amount of nitrogen recovered by the plants increased with increasing dose applied. In the N2 and N3 treatments the plant recovered a very similar amount of nitrogen namely (270 kg / ha-1).
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Keywords
Quinoa Adubação azotada Rega deficitária